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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q. Aka Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and major cause of dry eye. The more common form of blepharitis?
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Posterior Blepharitis
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Q. How to evaluate Posterior Blepharitis?
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Tear Breakup Time Test
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Q. Best treatment for blepharitis?
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Johnsons Baby Shampoo
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Q. Name the disease: PAINFUL, warm, red lump. The organism is Staph Aureus. Treated with Antibiotics?
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Hordeolum
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Q. Name the disease: PAINLESS lid nodule. Diagnose by everting the lid. Non-infectious?
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Chalazion
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Q. The best chalazion treatment?
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A self-administered technique called the "4 fingers times 10 massage" can be beneficial.
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Q. Name the disease: benign actinic (UV INDUCED) lesion confined to the perilimbal conjunctiva with raised fatty appearance?
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Pinguecula
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Q. Name the disease: WINGLIKE STRUCTURE. Due to UV radiation exposure in patients 20-49. May be asymptomatic?
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Pterygium
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Q. Name the disease: Swelling, Obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. Usually improves spontaneously?
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Dacrstenosis
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Q. Name the treatment for Dacrostenosis?
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Massage to open duct
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Q. Name the disease: Infection of the lacrimal sac, usually secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. Raised erythematous mass, redness and edema around lacrimal sac with purulent d/c expressed?
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Dacrocystitis
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Q. Naturopathic treatment for dacrocystitis. 2 herbs?
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Warm herbal compress with 1. symphytum or 2. hydrastis
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Q. The best test for dry eye?
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Schirmer’s test: calibrated filter paper, ANA with reflex
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Q. Presbyopia
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farsighted: far objects are clear, close is blurry
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Q. Myopia
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Nearsighted: close objects are clear far is blurry
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Q. Astigmatism
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Decreased vision due to the abnormal curvature of the cornea or lens
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Q. 5 things which require prompt attention?
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1. Ciliary injection
2. Severe ocular pain 3. Colored halos 4. Change in pupil size or shape 5. Visual acuity decreased. |
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Q. Name the disease: Dilation of PERIPHERAL conjunctival vessels. Pupil Size NORMAL. Visual acuity NOT affected?
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Conjunctivitis
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Q. Name the type of conjunctivitis: Eye ITCHING.
Eye tearing with STRINGY discharge. Red hypertrophic papillae on upper lid conjunctival lining? |
Allergic Conjunctivitis
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Q. Name the type of conjunctivitis: Lymphadenopathy, Lid crusting, watery or MUCOID discharge. ITCHING eyes that are NOT GLUED shut?
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Viral Connjunctivitis
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Q. Name the conjunctivitis: no preauricular nodes, purulent green discharge. GLUED shut eyes WITHOUT ITCHING is 77%. Very contagious?
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Bacterial Conjunctivitis
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Q. T or F: Contagious until eye stops tearing and discharge resolved. Can return to school 24 hr. after antibiotic started or above
Typically resolves within 48-72 hours with antibiotic treatment |
True
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Q. Name the conjunctivitis: Most common in neonates and sexually active young adults.
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Chlamydial Conjunctivitis
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Q. Name the condition: Involvement of the eyelid or palpebral conjunctiva typically does NOT affect the GLOBE. Vesicular eruptions may be seen on ONE (Unilateral) side of forehead and scalp.
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Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
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Q. If extension to nasociliary nerve, the cornea may be involved. 1. What is this called? 2. What condition?
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1. Hutchingsons Sign. 2. Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
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Q. Name the condition: Unilateral or BILATERAL inflammation conjunctiva and cornea due to HSV, usually coexisting with fever, blisters on lip and upper face. Usually a recent URI is present?
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Herpes Simplex Keratisitis
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Q. What will the fluorescein staining of cornea reveal in Herpes Simplex Keratitis?
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dendritic ulcers
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Q. Name the condition: Eye pain worse movement, photophobia, foreign body sensation, lacrimation, blurry vision, headache, blepharospasm
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Corneal Abrasion
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Q. Treatment for corneal abrasion?
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Vitamin A topically
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Q. 2 Best treatments for night blindness?
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Zinc
Vitamin A: 5000-20,000 |
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Q. Name the condition: Opacity or discoloration of the lens. Most commonly caused by Oxidation of cornea due to ‘age-related changes.
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Cataract
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Q. What is the most common risk factor for cataract? IMPORTANT
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**Steroids, smoking, nutritional defects
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Q. What age range do you see cataract?
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greater the age 60
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Q. Name the stage of cataract: Cannot read better than 20/200.
Leucocoria (white pupil). |
Mature Stage
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Q. The best western botanical for cataract?
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**Cineraria Maritima, Vaccinium Myrtillus
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Q. Name the condition: Disturbance of the structural or functional integrity of the OPTIC NERVE. Intraocular pressure is typically the main cause?
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Glaucoma
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Q. Normal eye pressure is equal to or less than 21mm HG? T or F
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True
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Q. Glaucoma is the most common cause of blindness in what ethnic group?
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African Americans:
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Q. What is a key symptom in glaucoma?
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Slow progressive loss of PERIPHERAL vision
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Q. What is considered a medical emergency in glaucoma?
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1.Ocular pain: Unilateral, severe pain (Refer out)
2. Nausea and vomiting 1. Fixed mid-dilated pupil 2. Non reactive pupil 3. Conjunctival injection |
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Q. Risk factor for secondary glaucoma?
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Prolonged Corticosteroid use
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Q. Name the condition: Present at birth, but usually not recognized until infancy or early childhood. SXM: Tearing, Photophobia, Red eye,
Cloudiness |
Congenital Glaucoma
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Q. What is something to remember with allopathic treatments for glaucoma?
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The long list of side effects
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Q. Good foods to eat to reduce free radical damage in glaucoma?
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Xanthophylls: (Spinach, Mustard Greens, Kale)
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Q. What is your Glaucoma Examination frequency for +40 age group?
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>Age 40 glaucoma screening q 2-4 years
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Q. The best herb she uses for glaucoma?
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**Coleus Forskolin
L-Arginine-vasodialating |
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Q. The best supplement to protect the optic sheath?
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Vitamin B12
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Q. Name the condition: Typically asymptomatic. Changes dependent on duration and severity of HTN?
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Hypertensive Retinopathy
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Q. Possible irreversible damage at what grade?
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Grade IV
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Q. Name the condition: Blurring-linked to blood sugar,
Floaters, Flashes of light. Important: RENAL RETINAL Syndrome: vascular changes in retina indicate renal changes |
Diabetic Retinopathy
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Q. Name the type of retinopathy: neovascularization of the retina. Scarring of the post pole.
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Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
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Q. What are 2 theraputics to prevent retinopathy in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy?
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1. Alpha Lipoic Acid
2. Magnesium |
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Q. Name the condition: Leading cause of adult blindness >55. Slow insidious loss of CENTRAL vision.
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Macular Degeneration
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Q. Give the IMPORTANT Sign in Dry or nonexudative macular degeneration?
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Drusen (Yellow spots on retina)
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Q. What is an important cause of Macular degeneration?
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Circulatory: (decreased blood flow and oxygenation)
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Q. Treatment goal for wet macular degeneration?
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STOP THE BLEED/ LEAKAGE
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Q. Name the condition: Inflammation of the uveal tract. Pupillary miosis (CONSTRICTION). Diminished vision, floating spots, severe pain, redness
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Anterior Uveitis (Iritis)
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Q. The best treatment for Uveitis?
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Refer
**Steroids usually prescribed |
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Q. Name the condition: Inflammation of the orbital tissues caused by infection that extends from the nasal sinuses or teeth, by metastatic spread from infections elsewhere, or by bacteria introduced via orbital trauma.
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Orbital Cellulitis
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Q. Treatment for orbital cellulitis?
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1. Refer Immediately, need CT with contrast
2. Systemic Antibiotics |
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Q. Name the condition: Separation of the neural retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. VEIL or CURTAIN over vision?
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Retinal Detachment
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Q. How do you treat Retinal Detachment? IMPORTANT
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Refer out Immediately
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Q. Name the condition: Loss of visual acuity without anatomic changes. NOT correctable by glasses.
It occurs with STRABISMUS in about 50% of the cases. |
Amblyopia
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Q. How do you test visual acuity in Amblyopia?
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+- Snellen Chart
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Q. Treatment for Amblyopia?
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Adhesive Patch over the good eye or opaque contact lens
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Q. Name the condition: A misalignment of the eyes due to anatomic changes.
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strabismus
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Q. Diagnosis of strabismus?
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General inspection corneal light reflex cover test
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