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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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o Sputnik
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Oct 4, 1967 – satellite launched by Soviet Union scared the U.S. into realizing that we were behind in the space race. The realization was that our schools weren't strong enough in Maths, Sciences, and Technology. Nation focused on these subjects so they wouldn't be a threat to us in war.
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Nation at risk
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1983 - The hard work of our predecessors is being lost through a "lazy" generation. Other nations are matching and surpassing our educational attainments in the world. Taking the Sputnik era for granted.
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Linda Darling Hammond
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she launched the School Redesign Network, the Stanford Educational Leadership Institute, and the Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education. Darling-Hammond is author or editor of more than a dozen books and more than 300 articles on education policy and practice. Her work focuses on school restructuring, teacher education, and educational equity. She was education advisor to Barack Obama's presidential campaign [1][2] and was reportedly among candidates for Secretary of Education in the Obama administration.[3]
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What sets kids up for failuer?
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Poverty + new teachers
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Pedagogy
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knowing how to teach and executing it
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Where are the biggest shortages for teachers?
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south & west; greater need in the big cities (inner cities)
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Where do a majority of new teachers end up?
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poor & rural schools
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What are some other duies for teachers?
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clubs, committees, “homework”, detention
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3 Main Duties of a teacher
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o Instruction
o Supervision o Provision of a Safe Environment |
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What is the goal of public education?
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social, economic, or political.
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When does education's history date back to?
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Early1800's
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What was education's goal in the early1800's?
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Citizenship Training
Equal opportunity Reduction of crime |
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What is the country composed of?
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Immigrants that came here for new opportunity and way of life.
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What did the grades go up to in the beginning of education?
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K-8
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Who controlled the classroom curriculum in the early 1800's?
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teacher and community
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Who controls education today?
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State Government
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No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is in the hands of the ...
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federal government
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- The concepts we have to remember in education is:
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-Diversity is the way of the world
-Students are competing in the global economy -What will be taught in the classroom |
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Waht is TEA?
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TX Education Agency (TEA) decides what we will teach based on input from different sources
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What is public school designed to serve?
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The public
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What is the major goal in public education today?
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TODAY THE MAJOR GOAL OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS IS PREPARATION FOR WORKING IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY.
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What and who are some examples of who NOT to use public schools systems?
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o Nazis – promoted racial superiority
o South Africa – Maintaining racial divide o US – Racial segregation and biased and textbooks designed to maintain racial hierarchy |
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What are some of the instances where we use the school to teach since they have a "Captive" audience?
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o AIDS
o Obesity |
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Why did American start "raising" more scientist and Engineers?
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Sputnik Era
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Career education
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– while kids re in school they were being molded into skills they could get jobs with; technical/ vocational training.
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- Common causes of failure among new teachers
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o Getting bad assignments
o Isolation from colleges o Poor facilities o Extra assignments o Lack of understanding of policies o Inadequate supervision o Learning by trial and error |
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What schools have more problems?
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Inner City Schools
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- Help for new teachers
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o Mentorship
o Induction programs o Supervision o Better understanding of policies o Don’t’ “dump” on them |
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What did public schools bring first
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national culture/ ID
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- Immigration places new obstacles in education
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o Financial
o Bilingual o Taxes |
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- George Washinton’s Proposal
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o National university for training national leaders
o All students from all areas attend |
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- Jefferson’s Plan
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o System based on Meritocracy – gives equal chance to all to develop their abilities and advance in the social hierarchy; best person for the job
o 3 yrs of free education for all non-slave children |
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What did Jefferson believe in regards to his "Plan"
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o He didn’t believe people needed to be good citizen but if they could all read it would help society
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Horace Mann
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- Father of education
- He created “Common School” = get a common education; everyone get the same education Supposed to ensure the survival of the U.S. Supposed to teach socialization |
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o Socialization
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– what students learn from following school rules and interacting with other students, and participating in social events
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Does socialization work?
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o Doesn’t’ work because after school; they are who they are; you can’t erase what’s going on in their life
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- Johann Fitche
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o Socialization for control
o Combo of socialization and patriotic teachings would make a citizen more willing to be in the military and eventually reduce the cost of national defense |
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Patriotic Exercises and School Spirit
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- Emphasized after arrival in the 1890’s of a large number of immigrants
-Sports and pep rallies was a way to raise school spirit and bring everyone from different backgrounds together; consequently preparing them for military service |
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The Pledge of Allegiance
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- Written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy (a socialist)
- Became popular classroom practice as educators worried about the loyalty of immigrant kids - 1950 congress added “under God” |
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Social goals of Schooling
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- Mann believed that to stop crime, schools should instill moral values
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What does school do education?
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School is the key mechanism for social control; this is how society maintains order and controls crime and rebellion.
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Mann's Ideology???
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- Mann’s idea of unity through community was limited because three main groups of people were being discriminated against
- These divisions existed till Civil Rights movement came around in mid 1900’s |
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Edward Ross
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- Referred to education as mechanisms for social control.
- Said that the school was replacing the family and church in teaching values |
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What decade was the teenager established?
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1940's
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What was HUGE in the 1930's?
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Senior Prom
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What brought the need for Sex Ed in public schools?
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Mass enrollment
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What is the NCLB's stand on Sex Ed?
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Teach abstinence not Sex Ed
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When the OG Sex Ed instituted and by who?
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1926 by the NEA
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Has sex ed really had the desired impact?
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No
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What is a big problem in teenagers even with Sex Ed?
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STDs
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What socio-economicgroup has the majority of Sexual problems?
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minoirties
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Mann's thoughts on crime and education
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education would lower crime rates; not so much
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is there a relationship between education and crime rates
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no
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What is the "next frontier" for education
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Nutrition
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When the nation start taking responsibility for nutrition improvement
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late 19th century
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Waht reformed school's desire to be healthy
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Fast food chains
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When was the Common school model designed
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19th century
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What's the idea behind the fair school model
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you help kids based on the individual qualities
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Sorting Machine Model
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- Separated by test scores
- All backgrounds will be placed together to be on the same track o Competition for social positions takes place |
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How do kids get sorted in Sorting Machine Model
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By counselors, teachers and standardized testing
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What affected the Sorting Machine Model operted
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Industrial Revolution in the 20th centruy
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At level testing is used to decide types of jobs society will need?
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middle school
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What was the purpose of intelligence testing?
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- to eliminate social background
- Objectively measures what type of occupation persons would enter - Equality through scientific testing |
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How was Democracy reflected?
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in the level of intelligence that corresponded with their level
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o Binet said ...
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the poor didn’t do well because they were dumb
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- Nature v. Nurture
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– natural qualities (things you’re born with) v. learned traits (family, community)
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- IQ Debate
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o Home life effects how a child will develop intellectually
o No doubt that normal child development requires a certain level of childhood care o Environment can have an impact on IQ o IQ Testing relates to Sorting |
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- High Stakes Testing Model; no graduation and being retained
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o Tests what a person has learned not innate ability
o All are given an equal chance to learn and take the same test o Determines what they have learned o Uses scientific measurements to socially engineer equality of opportunity |
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- Who does society spend the most money on?
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o The very rich
o The very poor o Because pooper districts get more federal funding, there are more opportunities for kids and teachers o Eligibility based on number of kids at that school |
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- At Risk is ...
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– If something doesn’t happen for these kids there’s a good chance that they’ll drop out
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What is the best indicator for drop rate
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o BEST PREDICTOR IF A KID WILL DROPOUT IS IF THY WERE RETAINED
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What "group of kids are at a greater risk for poor education?
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o Kids being raised in poverty and single parent families
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- Tracking and ability grouping
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o Separates by curricula – tracking
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o By ability – grouping
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Putting them in a group and they never get a chance to get out of it
Fosters social inequality |
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- Teacher perception
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o Teachers expectation are linked to the perceived social class of the students
o Pygmalion – intelligent rats o Teachers will find a way to ensure that kids pass |
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What do schools reflect?
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Their population and community in which they are located.
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