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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define interdependence
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in a globalised world, events in any one country will quickly spread to others.q
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in the 19th Century the British empire was a 'global network' and connected by : |
1. Network of undersea telegraph cables 2. extensive trade in raw materials 3. shared head of state 4. global military power, eg Royal Navy 5. imposing shared culture eg international cricket |
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5 types of globalisation
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1. economic 2. cultural 3. political 4. demographic 5. environmental |
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define economic globalisation
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growth of TNC
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define cultural globalisation
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people eat similar food, eg Mcdonnalds and watch global channels eg SKY
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define political globalisation
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dominance of western democracies (G8)
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define demographic globalisation
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results from increasing migration and mixing of the populations
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define environmental globalisation
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involves realisation that global environmental threats require global solutions.
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factors accelerating globalisation: free trade
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removing trade tariffs = quicker trade
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factors accelerating globalisation: International organisation
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WTO has promoted free trade, trade blocs have encouraged free trade within and between groups of countries
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factors accelerating globalisation: communications technology
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Satellite and fibre optic communications have led o growth of mobile phone and internet communications
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factors accelerating globalisation: financial deregulations
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Gov controls on banks, currencies, interest rates and companies have all decreased. investment easier - higher profits
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factors accelerating globalisation: consumers
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the global consumer has contributed to soaring demand for goods from all corners of the world. |
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factors accelerating globalisation: the media
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large global media corporations have global reach and present a similar 'world view' of the news, contributing to the sense of connected world.
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China's exports rose from ..... in 2000 to ..... in 2009
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$200bn, to $1,200bn
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negatives of globalisation:
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1. inequality 2. dominated by TNC and gov 3. encouraged unsustainable growth 4. lends towards 'westernised' |
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in 2008, how many million legal economic migrants were there? |
145 mil
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in 2008, how many illegal migrants
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20-30 mil
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in 2008, how many refugees
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15 MIL
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in 2008, how many internally displaced people?
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26 mil
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USA - migrants from?
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Mexico - 10 mil
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EU- where from?
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Southern EU - spain, Malta, Italy. 5 mil
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Middle East - where form?
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south asia
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examples of MEDC
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uk, usa, Australia, Greece, Singapore
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examples of NIc
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South Korea, Brazil, Taiwan, Chile
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EU
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European Union - internal free trade and migration
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OECD
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organisation for economic cooperation and development - minimise bribery and corruption
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OPEC
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Oil exporting countries - large influence of oil price
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G8
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forum of most powerful 8 countries
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G20
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top 20 including EU
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G77
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developed nations to give voice to developing world
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positives of TNC - 3 things
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1. Jobs 2. Trade. 3. Connections |
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negatives of TNC's - 3 things
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1. Exploitation 2. unemployment 3. identity |
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global connections tie the world together though: ( 5 things)
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1. mobile phones 2. internet connection 3. low - cost jet 4. cable and satellite channels 5. brands such as coca cola etc |
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switched on: air travel case study..
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Easy JEt
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effects of increased air travel:
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1. reduces distance. 2. increase cultural mixing 3. workers to move cheaply 4. allows TNC to move freely |
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benefits of internet - 5 things
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1. education 2. reduced isolation 3. access to best prices 4. business opportunities 5. exchange of political ideas |
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what are different type of bananas?
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1. colonial bananas - smaller firms 2. dollar bananas |
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when was banana wars?
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1996
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why was there banana wars?
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Eu favoured bananas from small colonial producers and applied a 20% tariff to banana imports from dollar banana exporters.
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periphery has not attracted investment for a number of reasons; 5 aspects.
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1. political instability 2. debt 3. lack of good infrastructure 4. physical constraints 5. poverty and disease |
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the population in UK is............. and expected to rise to ......% by 2020
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ageing, 26%
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in uk there is a decline in .... and .... employment
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primary and secondary.
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in 1920, how many coal miners were there?
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1.2 million
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in 1983, what % of people were unemployed?
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12% - 3 million people
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define dependency ratios
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the ratio of over 65s and under 16s to the working age population
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economic challenges and opportunities of greying pop
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Challenges- NHS costs rise, TAX rise, workers shortages Opportunities- have experience, have money to spend. many don't want to retire at 65. |
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Social challenges and opportunities of greying pop
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Challenges- housing will remain occupied, pressure to raise state pension Opportunities - more law abiding, take more responsibility of childcare |
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environmental challenges and opportunities of greying pop |
Challenges- new sites for care homes Opportunities - 'grey vote' may become powerful political force, focussing on equality and environmental sustainability. |
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when were the 8 Eastern European member states added to EU - A8
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Jan 1 2004
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what agreement removed border controls?
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1995 Schengen agreement
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pull factors of UK - 5 things
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1. Uk has reputation for tolerance for migrants 2. Uk was in need for low-wage labour 3. cheap bus and air travel costs 4. existing migrant groups - Poles 5. immigrant friendly services eg Polish banks |
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costs of migration - source country - 4 things
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SOURCE- 1. loss of workforce - 7% Poland 2. Brain dead 3. Poland's pop could reduce from 38, -33m by 2050 4. some workers exploited |
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costs of migration - host country - 5 things
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1. social/ cultural tension 2. rise in crime 3. 8% of total pop, babies born to immigrants 4. downward pressure on wages 5. pressure of schools and housing |
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benefits of migration poland- source country - 3 things
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1. remittances 2. Higher wages 3.skills can be taken back |
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benefits of migration poland - host country - 4 things
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1. skills gaps filled 2. Lincolnshire- 10% are A8 immigrants 3. business opportunities providing polish food 4. counteracts ageing |
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how many A8 migrants came to UK since 2004 and how many returned?
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1m and 350,000
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how much did merchandise earn Disney in 2006? |
US $23 billion |
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define just in time |
where companies demand goods from suppliers on short timescales, rather than producing and holding large volumes of stock themselves. |
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how much were workers paid in a Bandgladesh textile factory? |
$0.15 for every $17.99 shirt they made |
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what happened in 2006 with disney? |
toy supplier closed down in Tokyo after a campaign against working conditions in the factory 12-16 hour days. |
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Disney's entrance to China? |
Mulan |
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Disney's entrance to france? |
Hunchback of Notre Dame |
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Disney's entrance to Africa? |
Lion King |
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5 stages of Rostow's model of development |
1. Traditional society 2. preconditions take off 3. take off 4. drive to maturity 5. age of high mass consumption |
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where was the polytunnel discovered? |
\ALmeria in SPAIN |
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negatives of growing under plastic? |
1. trees are cleared 2. risk of serious flooding 3. illegal use of water wells 4. streams are polluted |
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pull factors to med? |
1. housing/cost of living 2. business opportunities 3. better weather 4. relaxed lifestyle |
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push factors out of the UK |
1. rising crime 2. high tax 3. lack of space |
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costs to uk |
1. family breakup 2. loss of skilled workforce |
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costs to Spain |
1. little social integration 2. ruined coastal landscapes with large villa developments |
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benefits to UK |
1. immigration balances out immigration 2. fewer old people to take care of 3. relieves new pressure for new homes |
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benefits to Spain |
1. increase local spending 2. previous unproductive land becomes valuable |
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advantages an disadvantages of border controls |
A: keep track of net migration D: extremely costly UK electronic border £2bn |
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advantages an disadvantages of work permits |
A: allows temporary workers to be controlled and matched to skill shortages D: work permits can be abused |
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advantages an disadvantages of Refugees |
A: Prestige is gained by accepting vulnerable groups D: very costly |
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advantages an disadvantages of integration |
A: Citizen tests help integration D: does not prevent tension and racism. |
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define megacity |
population excess of 10mil |
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typical worker in China's Pearl River Delta, what is pay? |
$50-150 per month |
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5 R's |
Respect Reduce Reuse Recycle Renew |
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different strategies of ethical globalisation |
Fair trade Ethnically sourced goods Buying Locally Boycotts Organic food FSC certified |
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problems facing LA |
1.housing 2. work 3. water 4. waste 5. waste 6. health and education 7. Transport 8. massive energy use |
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why is LA a donut city?q |
car, tyre and steel factories closed due to competition overseas. TNC now fill the hole |
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what does PLAN stand for? |
Progressive Los Angeles Network |
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what does plan hope to achieve? |
1. pay workers decent amount of money 2. community benefits 3. clean fuel vehicles 4. improve public transport 5. promote clean safe, walkable and bicycle- able neighbourhoods |
