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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biological Theories
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Gesell and Hall
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Growth vs development
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growth-incriment
development-change |
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Theories
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Nature vs Nurture
Stability vs Plasticity Passive vs Active endpoint vs No endpoint |
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quote
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sturmund drang
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Arnold gesell
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-went to uw
-most known for setting up standards childhood development -biologically driven stable continuous passive endpoint |
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Hall
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infant is in an animal stage (evolution)
Nature and stability but says discontinuous stages passive endpoint |
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PsychoDYNAMIC
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Psycho(personality and social skills)
dynamic(nature) |
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Stable
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predictable , set order
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discontinuous
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stage theories
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passive
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body dictates the stage
how environment reacts to them |
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endpoints
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universal theory
difference between M and F |
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Trust vs Mistrust
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birth-i year
primary care giver and infant |
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autonomy vs doubt+shame
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1-3 years
parents and toddlers |
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initiative vs guilt
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3-6 years
family and child |
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industry vs inferiority
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6-11 years ( school age)
teacher, classmates, child |
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identity vs role confusion
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adolesense
peers and adolescent clothing, music, sports, teams |
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intimacy vs isolation
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early adulthood
significant other and adults |
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generativity vs stagnation
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middle adulthood
future generations and adult |
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integrity vs despair
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late adulthood
spiritual being/universe |
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BEHAVIORAL THEORIES
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(Parlov, Watson, Skinner)
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Behavioral Theories cont..
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Nurture
Plasticity Continuous Passive No Endpoint |
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COGNITIVE THEORIES
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Piaget, bandura, Info. Processing
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Piaget
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Nurture(some aspect of nature)
discontinuous active |
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Bandura
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nurture
plasticity continuous passive and active no endpoint |
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info. processing
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nurture and nature
plasticity-some stability continuous active no endpoint |
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CONTEXTUAL THEORIES
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Vygotsky and branfenbenner
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Vygostsky
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nurture (language)
plasticity continuous active no endpoint |
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Macrosystem
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cultural values, political philosophy
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Mesosystem
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family, peer group, classroom, church
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Exosystem
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community, employment, medical facilities
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ADLER
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5 Basic Assumption
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1.
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All behavior has social meaning
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2.
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All behavior is goal directed
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3
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each person is indivisible with a unique behavior pattern
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4
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we strive to overcome inferiority
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5
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behavior is a result of subjective perceptions
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Adlers Concepts
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overcoming inferiority
-compensation -overcompensation |
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3 unavoidable problems
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society, work, love
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Cephalocaudal
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head to foot
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proximodistal
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center to out
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Infancy (birth-2 years)
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reflexes to voluntary behavior
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Early Childhood (2-6 years)
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advancements in both gross and fine skills
2-3 door knobs 3 toilet skills 4-5 dress undress 4 adapt with a fork 5 use of knife with soft foods 6 shoe tying |
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Middle Childhood (6-10 years)
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fluid and consisten performance
self conscousness |
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Early Adolescence (10-14 years)
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pubertal changes
body-image |
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Late Adolscence (14-18 years)
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attain sexual maturity
risky behaviors |
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school transition can affect what?
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drop in self esteem and g.p.a
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television caused...?
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Autism
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What affects physical growth?
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heredity
nutrition disease control climate improved balance increased strength greater agility greater flexibility |
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Smell
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sweet
breast milk over formula |
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Taste
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Sweet
salty=4 months |
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Touch
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temperature
pain stimulates physical growth moms know baby by touch |
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Hearing
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phoneme > noise
adult>child native language direction of sound |
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Vision
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Fonte Study (1958)
-pattern vs plain -face color vs shape motion |
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Observation
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naturalistic
structured |
