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26 Cards in this Set

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Scuticociliatosis in sea dragons (phycodurus eques and phyllopteryx taeniolatus).
1. Species of ciliate involved?
2. Organ most affected and histo?
3. Other organs affected?
1. Philasterides dicentrarchi.
2. Skin, multifocal granulomatous and necrotizing lesions with 15-20 um x 20-50 um round to pyriform parasites with ciliae, macronucleus 10um, micronucleus 2 um and round eosinophilic droplets (phagocytozed erys), also in vessels.
3. brain, gills, kidney, thyroid.
Vet pathol 45, 546-550 (2008)
Amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
1. Amoebic species involved?
2. EM characteristics of parasite?
3. EM characteristics of mast cell?
4. EM characteristics of eosinophil?
5. EM characteristisc of apoptosis of epithelial cells?
1. Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis and N. branchiphila.
2. Parasomes or pseudopodia, with electron-dense deposits in cytoplasm.
3. large spheric membrane-bound granules containing a dense homogenous matrix.
4. fusiform-shaped granules 1umx360nm, with electrondenxe matrix with a central inclusion crystalline, less electron-dense, fibrillar material.
5. rounded shape, loss of surface microridges, and hypercondensation of nuclear chromatin.
Vet pathol 44, 663-671 (2007)
Systemic iridovirus infection in Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni Koumans 1933).
1. Gross and clinic?
2. Histo?
3. Virus?
1. lethargy, darkened body pigmentation, increased ventilation rate, extensive hemorrhage on renal and ovarian tissue, , swollen speen with hemorrhage, enlarged gall bladder with clear green bile and friable liver, white fecal cast and death.
2. Cytomegalic cells with granular basophilic ICIB in gills (with necrosis and vasculitis), stomach and intestine (l. propria), blood vessels of many organs, multifocal necrosis of spleen and renal hemopoietic interstitium.
3. genus Megalocytivirus, family Iridoviridae.
JVDI 21, 306-320 (2009)
Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in weedy and leafy seadragons (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus, Phycodurus eques).
1. Cause?
2. Gross?
3. Histo description fungus?
1. Exophiala angulospora and exophiala ... (new species).
2. multifocal well-demarcated ulcerations with raised black margins on skin, black foci in kidney, gill, swim bladder, liver, pancreas and spleen.
3. Necrosis with pigmented fungi: 2-3 um width, slender, septate, with right-angle branching and thin parallel walls, brown stained.
JVDI 21, 69-79 (2009)
Emaciation, poor growth rates, swollen coelomic cavities, increased mortality in freswater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare).
1. organ affected?
2. Parasite involved?
1. Stomach
2. novel species of Cryptosporidium
JVDI 21, 722-727 (2009)
Chytridiomycosis in amphibians.
1. Cause?
2. Organ affected?
3. Pathogenesis?
1. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
2. Skin
3. Electrolyte transport is inhibited >50%, plasma sodium and potassium concentrations reduced 20% and 50%, asystolic cardiac arrest is cause of death.
Skin is critical in maintaining amphibian homeostasis
Science Oct 2009, 582-585
Crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) infected with invertebrate iridovirus.
1. Lesions?
1. Swollen abdomens.
- fat boedies bluish iridescent in color
- dense granular viral stroma in obviously hypertrophied fat-body cells.
JVDI 19, 674-679 (2007)
Cryptosporidiosis in Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularis).
1. Differences between fecal count + and - groups?
2. Carriers present?
1. mean body weight, mean body condition score and prevalence of infection were statistically different.
2. Carriers and subclinical infections were present (possible infection sources).
JZWM 39, 600-607 (2008)
Cervical subluxation and compressive myelopathy in Komodo Dragons (Varanus komodoensis).
1. Clinic?
2. Affected areas?
3. Possible anatomic explanation?
1. ataxia, paraparesis to tetraparesis to tetraplegia, depression to stupor, cervical scoliosis, anorexia.
2. C1-C4
3. Only 1 occipital condyle and only 1 intervertebral articular surface.
JZWM 40, 207-210 (2009)
Ichtyophonus hoeferi (fish pathogen) in spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum).
1. Organ affected?
2. type organism?
1. Especially ventral muscle, with granuloma formation around large spores.
2. Ichtyophonus-like organisms.
JWD 44, 174-176 (2008)
Ranavirus infection in common frogs (
Rana temporaria).
1. Two disease syndromes?
2. Organs affected?
3. Viral ICIB?
4. Viral family?
1. Hemorrhagic syndrome (acute) and chronic skin ulceration.
2. HU: systemic, other skin, few other organs affected (kidney), specifically no antigen in splenic lymphocytes, pancreas or GI epithelium.
3. ICIB in HU only: liver, kidney, pancreas and stomach.
4. Iridoviridae.
CP 138, 3-11 (2008)
Spinal arthropathy in Cane Toads (Chaunus marinus).
1. Associated bacterium?
2. Stages of acute to chronic: gross and histo?
3. Anatomy of vertebral joints?
1. Ochrobactrum anthropi.
2. Acute: gross - , osteoarthritic degenerative changes.
More eroded or ulcerated cartilage, intense pyogranolomatous inflammation, early cartilage and bone proliferation, to
more focal granulomatous itis, partial or complete fusion of joint cartilage and bone, to
Completely fused joints with minimal itis (ankylosis.
3. Synovial joints with posterior condyle and anterior concave joint surface.
Vet pathol 45, 85-94 (2008)
Pathologic findings in larvae and juvenile anurans, clinically normal.
1. Etiology of red leg disease?
2. other etiologies found (3).
3. Organs affected?
1. Aeromonas hydrophila
2. Ranavirus, myxosporidia and trematodes.
3. Latter two are found in kidney.
JWD 45, 314-324 (2009)
Concurrent infections of captive anurans (4 species).
1. Gross and histo skin, etiology?
2. Gross and histo liver, etiology?
3. Other etiologies found?
1. Irregular patches of sloughed skin with rare dermal ulcerations and epidermal proliferation on the digits with intracytoplasmic chytrid organisms: Batrachochytrium dendrobatides. Toes are best for screening.
2. ICIB in pale swollen liver : Ranavirus.
3. Aeromonas hydrophila in internal organs.
JZWM 39, 445-449 (2008)
Ophthalmitis and meningoencephalitis in Asian horned frogs (Megophrys montana).
1. Etiology?
2. Gross and histology?
1. Caenorhabditis elegans: Nematode, order Rhabditida.
2. Eye: ulcerative keratitis, histiocytic uveitis and retinitis.
brain: meningoencephalomyelitis.
Skin: epidermal chromatophore (iridophore) hyperplasia, all with intralesional nematodes.
JVDI 21, 568-573 (2009)
Fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpesvirus in Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas).
1. Cells and site of positive ISH?
2. Other herpesviruses in chelonians, two specific of wild loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) (4)?
1. mRNA + in nuclei of clusters of epithelial cells. DNA + in more tumors, nuclei of acanthotic epithelial cells in fibromas and fibro-papillomas and not in the subepithelial fibrous areas.
2. Lung-eye-trachea disease virus (LETDV)
- Grey-patch disease virus
- Loggerhead genital respiratory herpesvirus
- Loggerhead orocutaneous herpesvirus.
CP 139, 218-225 (2008)
Ranavirus infection in turtles and tortoises.
1. Virus?
2. Lesions?
3. Inclusion bodies?
1. Frog virus 3 , genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae.
2. necrotizing stomatitis and/or oesophagitis, fibrinous and necrotizing splenitis, multicentric fibrinoid vasculitis.
3. Rare, basophilic ICIB in epithelial cells, or endothelial cells, macrophages and hematopoetic progenitor cells.
JWD 44, 851-863 (2008)
Lungworm infection in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta).
1. Etiology?
2. Lesions?
1. Angiostoma carettae.
2. tracheal and bronchial epithelial hyperplasia and goblet cell hyperplasia, restricted to upper respiratory tree.
JZWM 39, 92-98 (2008)
Systemic adenovirus infection in Sulawesi tortoise (Indotestudo forsteni).
1. Virus?
2. Clinical signs
3. Histolesions?
4. other agents found?
1. novel adenovirus of genus Siadenovirus family adenoviridae.
2. anorexia, lethargy, mucosal ulcerations and palatine erosions of the oral cavity, nasal and occular discharge, diarrhea.
3. systemic inflammation and necrosis with INIB in 35 animals.
4. intestinal and hepatic amoebiasis and nematodiasis in 31. Chlamydophila, Aeromonas hydrophila and E. coli, all in ca. 2 animals.
JVDI 21, 415-426 (2009)
Pathologic lesions in cold-stunned, strandedKemp's Ridley Sea Turtles.
1. Most important organs affected?
2. Lesions?
1. Lung and GI.
2. bacterial or fungal pneumonia and necrotizing enterocolitis, often with cestodes.
JWD 45, 594-610 (2009)
Aural abscesses in eastern box turtles (terrapene carolina carolina).
1. correlation pathology - organochloric compounds?
2. Correlation pathology - vitamin A
3. correlation vitamin A -OC
1. No, except for o,p-DDT.
2. Yes, more A = more pathology (not expected).
3. No linear correlation, vit A first up, then down with increasing OC.
JWD 44 , 922-929 (2008)
Lymphohistiocytic proliferative syndrome of alligators (alligator mississippiensis).
1. Associated with what virus?
2. Histo?
1. West Nile virus. Alligators with lesions were seropositive, and RT-PCR showed WNV in 97% of lesions, 5% of nonaffected skin and 0 of nonaffected animals.
2. Lymphocyte/macrophages round aggregates in superficial dermis with disruption of collagen and sometimes exocytosis in overlying epidermis. Otherwise not affected.
JZWM 39, 562-566 (2008)
Mortalities in alligators (alligator mississippiensis).
1. Associated with heavy metals, pesticides, bacterial pathogens?
2. Histo of neural lesions?
3. Incriminated etiology?
1. No.
2. necrotizing encephalopathy of telencephalon.
3. Thiamine deficiency (vit B1), probably because of eating thiaminase-positive gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) = a fish.
JWD 44, 280-294 (2008)
Cryptosporidium, entamoeba, monocercomonas in GItract of snakes.
1. Where was ISH positive?
- Cryptosporidium: mostly in stomach
- E. invadens: colonic walls
- Monocercomonas spp.: mostly in colon, or small intestine and colon, or only small intestine.
CP 138, 63-71 (2008)
Oviduct adenocarcinoma in snakes.
1. Most common tumors in snakes (5)?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Metastases?
1. soft tissue sarcoma, lymphoma, renal adenocarcinoma,fibrosarcoma, melanoma.
2. tan to red firm masses in the oviducts.
3. papillary, often transmural. Cells in acini or cords, abundant stroma, hemorrhage and necrosis. Often myxomatous material, inflammation and bacteria.
4. Metastases in all (5) cases, including to liver, lung, heart.
Vet pathol 45, 693-697 (2008)
Mortalities in yellow-lipped sea kraits.
1. Proximate cause of death?
2. Most common disease findings?
3. clinical signs?
1. Sepsis.
2. Hepatic necrosis with intralesional bacteria > multifocal necrotizing enteritis > multifocal necrotizing pneumonia with pulmonary nematodes, disseminated granulomas, disseminated round cell neoplasia, intravascular microfilaria.
3. partial to complete anorexia, increased time spend on land , intermittent regurgitation, chronic lethargy and weight loss.
JZWM 39 , 626-630 (2008)