Ecosystems:terrestrial And Aquatic

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Cell

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Smallest unit of life having the major structures that allow it to live;may be a microscopic organism or part of a larger organism

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Cell membrane

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The soft,thin outer covering of a cell

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Cytoplasm

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Jelly-like substance that the inside of the cell is made of

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Nucleus

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The part of the cell that controls the cell's life functions

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Vacuole

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A storage space in a cell

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Ecosystem

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A collection of all the organisms interacting with each other and with the nonliving things in their environment (e.g. Forest,grassland/prairie,lake or pond,estuary/salt/marsh,ocean)

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Biotic

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Living factors in ecosystem-examples:plants and animals

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Abiotic

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Nonliving factors in an ecosystem-example:sunlight, air, water, temperature, soil

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Organism

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A living thing

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Microorganism

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Very small living thing;often called one cell-too small to be seen without a magnification

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Bacteria

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Simple,one-belled microorganism; often called a decomposer

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Population

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All the organisms of the same type living in a certain place at the same time

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Community

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A group of different populations of organisms

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Terrestrial

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Any type of land environment (e.g. Forests, grasslands)

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Aquatic

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A water environment that is either ocean or fresh water (e.g. Ponds, lakes, estuaries/salt marshes, oceans)

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Food chain

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The path of food energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem

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Food web

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The relations between food chains

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Producer

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Green plant and other organisms that use light energy to make their own food

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Consumer

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An organism that is unable to make it's own food and must feed on other organisms (e.g. - animals)

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Herbivore

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An animal that eats only plants

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Carnivore

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An animal that eats only meat

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Omnivore

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An animal that eats both plants and meat

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Decomposer

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A consumer that obtains food by breaking down dead organic material (e.g. Fungus- mold, mushrooms; bacteria, or animals such as termites or worms)

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Fungi

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Organisms, like mold and mushrooms, that cannot make their own food; are decoposers in the food chain (*fungi are not plants)

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Predator

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An animal that hunts others animals for food

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Prey

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An animal that is hunted by another animal for food

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Parasite

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An organism that spends all or most of it's life in or living on a living host

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Hosts

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Organisms or cells that serve As a home or a source of food for another living thing

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Limiting factor

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Anything living or nonliving that influences the survival of an organism or population in it's environment: e.g. Water, food, space, and shelter

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Balance of nature

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The relationship between the numbers of organisms and the despises avaiable in an ecosystem