Economics Of International Migration

Front 1

Migration Surplus

Back 1

Borjas - profit for employers. More complex - complements, greater surplus

Front 2

Borjas Market Model

Back 2

Migrants go for best deal, utility and immigration policy. Selected. Bidding - US h1B, France no recruiting but lenient, Germany recruiting

Front 3

Roy model

Back 3

Must for any discussion of selection. High inequality = neg selection, low inequality = positive selection. Earning opportunities of worker with X skills - Wh=Ah + Bhx, Wd=Ad + Bdx - if Bhx<Bdx, migrate returns to skills, comparative utility

Front 4

Neoclassical vs New economics of Migration

Back 4

Neoclassical - Sjaastad, simple micro models of util max or macro with flows compared just wages. New economics - Massey - differences: 1) Market failures (insurance, capital) 2)Family decisions

Front 5

Who gains/loses?

Back 5

Scissors Model - assumes migrants are perfect substitutes, perfectly flexible market, native workers lose, sending country workers gain, migrants gain. Complications: Migrant CM, if complements then some native workers gain, loss of people might mean decrease home productivity, zimmerman model

Front 6

Trade/Migration Substitutes/Complements

Back 6

If complements, moves away from Ricardian Model - apples and butane - If substitutes, simple trade model might be better. Trade can be either.

Front 7

Borjas vs Chiswick

Back 7

Borjas says neg selection, roy model - Chiswick says pos selection by definition.

Front 8

Hanson

Back 8

Mexican immigration demographic bump, cross elasticity

Front 9

Card

Back 9

Mariel boat lift, empircal studies say closest subs, not natives, suffer, but not much

Front 10

Peri

Back 10

Best source of immigrants as complements, California - no evidence of wage decrease, between 1990 and 2004 4% real wage INCREASE while foreign born population increased over 40%. near zero for high school dropouts, between 3 and 7% for others. Immigrants who entered before 1990 were 17-20% lower than would have been.

Front 11

Massey

Back 11

Permissible illegal immigration, Spain vs. West Europe return migration, US Mexico (like Hillman/Weiss)

Front 12

Hatton and Williamson

Back 12

Scissors model, Path dependence, Migration hump, Massey and venturini says people prefer to consume at home

Front 13

Zimmerman

Back 13

Coexistence of unemployment and complements - More skilled workers = greater unskilled productivity. Either wages stay same and few extra jobs (unions) or wages drop and many extra jobs.

Front 14

Zimmerman Europe

Back 14

Push/Pull labor shortages after ww2, recruitment (50s and 60s), decolonization. Push refugees (40s and 50s), family reunion, path dep. Then in 70s-90s, hard to remove guest workers, OPEC Oil price shock, refugees and path dependence

Front 15

Hillman/Weiss

Back 15

Advantages to permissible illegal immigration, selective enforcement for untraded goods once illegal immigration exists

Front 16

Heckscher-Olin

Back 16

say trade alone leads to factor/price equalization with open economy

Front 17

Immigrant percentage in US

Back 17

10% foreign born now, 15% in 1907.
Around 9 million illegal (26% fb pop), 50% mexican, 25% latin american, 25% other
33.5 million legal, (11% tot pop) 50% latin america, 25% asia, 13% Europe

Front 18

Who is migrant?

Back 18

Clemens article - UN: foreign born, more than one year. US INS: Gross immigration is #people admitted or given legal status plus illegals, net immigration is immigration minus emigration. census: Note native born - net- stock census 2 minus stock census 1

Front 19

Card paper

Back 19

"Is new immigration really so bad?" Mariel

Front 20

Sjaastad paper

Back 20

"Costs and Returns of Human Migration" 1962 classic

Front 21

Massey et all paper

Back 21

"Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal" rigid borders, more illegal

Front 22

Hillman and Weiss paper

Back 22

"A theory of permissible illegal immigration"

Front 23

Hanson paper

Back 23

"Economics and policy of illegal immigration in united states" cross border elasticity, migration bump

Front 24

Zimmerman paper

Back 24

"European Migration: Push and Pull"

Front 25

Hatton/Williamson paper

Back 25

"Global migration and the world economy: Two centuries of policy and performance"

Front 26

Clemens et al paper

Back 26

Migrants Count: Five steps towards better migration data

Front 27

Peri paper

Back 27

How Immigrants Affect California Employment and Wages

Front 28

1987

Back 28

Fines for employers, Simpson Missouli, amnesty

Front 29

1965

Back 29

Immigration and nationality act, reunions, no quotas, Mexican immigration restricted for first time

Front 30

1882

Back 30

Chinese Exclusion Act

Front 31

1924

Back 31

National origins formula, freeze current proportions.