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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Economics
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Played important role in Civil War and characteristics of regions.
It also laid out issues- abolitionism, women suffrage, temperance |
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Market Economy
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Before, most people were subsistence farmers. Cash transaction was rare.
Now, they had cash. SPECIALIZATION occured. However, they were more dependent. |
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The Ups and downs of Market Economies
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"boom and bust cycles" - market economies were definently more unreliable.
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War of 1812 and its impact
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forced US to be less dependent on imports - stronger economy
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Eli Whitney
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THIS IS HUUUUGE
(1) cotton gin - cotton rose and so did slave (2) interchangeable parts - not everything was custom |
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Machine-tool industry
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specialized machines
assembly line production |
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Textile
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textile industry benefited
power loom- 1813 people began buying instead of making cloth |
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Lowell system/ Waltham system
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Textile became big and labor was needed.
Lowell system was a way of inducing workers. They were offered housing, mill activities, wages. |
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Immigration
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Immigrants willing to work cheap, and labor unions formed.
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Define: Clothing manufacturers, retailers, brokers
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Clothing manufacturers: took textiles and made finished product.
Retailers: sold clothing. Brokers were between manufacturers and retailers. Basically, manufactuers make, brokers give them to retailers, who sell. |
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Commercial banks
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lent money to everyone and transportation industry boomed
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Transportational Developments
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Include Canals, Railroads, Highways and Steamships
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(1) National Road
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Maryland to Ohio - east and west travel became easier
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(2) Erie Canal
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Funded by New York (states rights)
Linked Great Lakes to New York and European shipping routs => other biters made canals => canal era ended in 1850 |
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(3) steamships
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allowed for faster travelling
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(4) railroads
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the gauge (width) of the railroads was different so it grew slowly.
Government often paid even though railroads were privately owned. South was not as developed (big for civil war) |
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telegraph
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long distance communication (morse code utilized)
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Farming
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Agriculture was still huge, even with the development of manufacturing
By 1860, most of food was on market |
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Northesast farming
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continued, but the soil sucked from overfarming. They couldn't compare with south so they raised livestock and grew fruits and veggies.
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Midwest
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GRAIN
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Banks
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banks sparng up to lend people money to buy machines
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South
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Cotton = deep south
rice = upper south |
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Looking Westward
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"Manifest Destiny"
Americans thought God gave them right to Western territory => wanted to invade Canada and Mexico |
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The West
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Dangerous!!
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Texas
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Mexico broke from Spain (1821)
(Texas, California, that area) Liberal land policies that attracted americans. They violated law by not becoming citizens and bringing slaves. Texas (mostly settlers) seceded from Mexico |
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Alamo
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the battle of Alamo was fought (1836). This declared Texas independent of the Mexican republic. However, it wwas not admited into the union until 1845 because of slavery issue.
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Oregon Territory
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Oregon trail!
British were there. Eventually, a treaty was signed. |
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1840s
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California gold rush! (1848)
People that did not strike it rich stayed and became famers. |
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Three sections: North, South, West
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sectional strife
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North
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Industry, technology, slavery was illegal, few farms
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South
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Tobacco, cotton, looking west for land.
Looked to add slave states into the Union. |
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Western
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commercial farming, fur trapping, real estate
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Western relations with the North
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Did not like them. Thought banks could take their land.
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Western relations with the South
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Did not like hierarchical society.
West had a egalitarianism (equal) society. They did not care about slavery. |
