Ecology Final Exam

Front 1

What is it called when there are fewer species but those fewer species can expand to more habitats?

Back 1

Habitat expansion

Front 2

_____ is when you look at the diversity within a homogenous habitat patch.

Back 2

alpha diversity

Front 3

_______ is when you look @ diversity across a whole region.

Back 3

gamma diversity

Front 4

_______ is when you look @ the diversity between one patch and another in a certain region.

Back 4

beta diversity

Front 5

____ describes how when there are more species then there are a fewer number per species.

Back 5

density compensation

Front 6

_____ is like a combo of of habitat expansion and density compensation.

Back 6

ecological release

Front 7

_______ states that when there are fewer species then they are released from competition.

Back 7

ecological release

Front 8

Why would larger islands have more species? 3 main reasons

Back 8

1. more resources= more nitches: species are less likely to go extincy.

2. species are more likely to find big island (passive sampling hypothesis)

3. On large island a disturbais less likely to kill off species. (disturbance hypothesis)

Front 9

What are the two arguments in thoery of island biogeography for why the number of species on island are in a dynamic equilib?

Back 9

1. not all species are equally good disperses.

2. lots species = greater extinction rate

Front 10

ECOSYSTEM
what type of system is ecosystem is respect to energy?

Back 10

open system

Front 11

ECOSYSTEM
In an ecosystem what is the biomass produced by plants/ autotrophs called?

Back 11

Gross primary production (GPP)

Front 12

What is photosynthesis minus respiration that leads to the growth of plants called?

Back 12

Net primary production (NPP)

Front 13

what level of disturbance leads to the greatest number of species?

Back 13

intermediate

Front 14

what 2 things influence NPP in NPP in an water environment?

Back 14

amount light and nitrate level.

Front 15

____________ is the proportion of biomass in 1 trophic level consumed by individ in next highest trophic level.

Back 15

exploitation effeciency

Front 16

______ = the proportion of ingested that = production

Back 16

gross production effeciency

Front 17

_______ ______ is the proportion of production @ one trophic level that results at production in next higher trophic level.

Back 17

ecological effeciency

Front 18

what do microrhyzal fungus do for plants?

Back 18

They increase plants root surface area so more nutrients can be uptaken.

Front 19

What forms of N can plants use?

Back 19

Nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia

Front 20

____ is the area in lake where all productivity occurs?

Back 20

photic zone

Front 21

what is the limiting nutrient in a freshwater environment?

Back 21

phosphorous

Front 22

what is it called when lower trophic levels influence top layers.

Back 22

bottom up control

Front 23

_____ is a group of sub populations that are connected by migration.

Back 23

metapopulation

Front 24

what is the formula for the change in population rate/ change in time?

Back 24

m(1-p)p-ep

Front 25

what is net ecosystem production.

Back 25

net primary production NPP- soil respiration.

Front 26

what is assimilation effecency

Back 26

the % of energy, consumed by a trophic level, that is assimilated.

Front 27

what is net production effeciency

Back 27

the % of assimilated energy that leads to production.