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28 Cards in this Set

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Abiotic Component

Non-living component. ex: soil, light

Biotic component

Living component that affects another organism. Includes community and population.

Community

A group of interacting species living in the same area.

Population

Groups of individuals belonging to the same species that live in the same community.

Habitat

Area occupied by an organism (same species)

Niche

"Role" of population within a habitat.

Biomass

Total weight of an organism in a given area.

Species richness

How many species.

Species evenness

How many individuals in each species. Often compared with other species.

Primary productivity

Measure of organic energy produced, ex:photosynthesis.

Succession


Changes in community composition through time ex: forest fire.

Early stages (succession)

1. Higher rate of productivity.


2. Less biomass.


3. Lower species diversity.

Late stages (succession)

1. Lower rates of productivity.


2. More biomass.


3. More species diversity.

Energy flow

Reused, but not recycled.

Trophic levels

Feeding levels--producers, herbivores (primary), carnivores (secondary), decomposrs. Food Chain.

Food Web

A system of interconnecting and interdependent food chains. Most consumers can eat a variety of organisms.

Nutrient cycling

Reused and recycled. Includes H2O, CO2, N2, and P. Usually starts with plants taking these into their tissues.

Nutrient Pools

Include water bodies, atmosphere, and soil. Abiotic components.

Exponential Growth

Increasing greatly. Function is proportional to the value.

Density-independent factors

Weather, natural disasters. Not dependent on size and resources.




1. Produce a lot of offspring


2. Mature very quickly


3. Short life-spans

Density-dependent factors

Dependent of size and amount of resources. Need stable environment. Population levels off.


1. Produce few offsping


2. Long life span


3. Mature slowlt.

Carry capacity

Maximum population an area can support over a sustained period of time.

Surface zone (oceans)

Photosynthesis can occur. Plankton.

Deep water zone

Fewer species

Coastal Zone

Kelp beds (temperate areas)--midway between equator and north pole.




Coral reefs (tropical areas)--equator, coral=animals.

Near-shore zone

Sunlight hits sediment, starts from shore.

Wetlands

Shallow waters. Swamps have trees and marshes have no trees.

Streams

Not a sitting body of water.