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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 levels of ecology |
Organismal Population Community Evosystem |
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Inter specific interactions |
Competition Predation Mutualism Commensalism |
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Ecological niche |
The sum total of a species use of their environment, include abiotic and biotic factors |
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Resource partitioning |
Differentiation of niches that allows 2 similar species to coexist in a community |
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Trophic structure |
Feeding relationship between the various species or food chain
Transfer of energy between levels |
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Dominant species |
Species in a community that has the highest abundance or highest biomass |
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Keystone species |
Important species that regulate the effect of other species |
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Diversity |
Species richness Relative abundance |
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Ecological succession |
Precess of change in a community over time (biotic and abiotic factors |
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Primary succession |
Establishment of a community in a lifeless area Typically due to a catastrophic event |
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Secondary succession |
Disturbance destroys a community but leaves the soil intact |
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Biome? |
Large ecosystem that covers large geographic regions |
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Terrestrial biomes |
Latitudinal patterns of climate Tropical Forrest Savanna Desert Temperate grassland Temperate broadleaf Forrest Coniferous forest Arctic tundra |
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Oceanic biomes |
Intertidal zone Neritic Benthic Pelagic Photic Aphotic Abyssal |
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Pattern of dispersion |
Clumped Uniform Random |
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Pattern of dispersion |
Clumped Uniform Random |
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Migration |
Regular movement of animals over large distances due to environmental change and biological clocks |
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Pattern of dispersion |
Clumped Uniform Random |
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Migration |
Regular movement of animals over large distances due to environmental change and biological clocks |
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Homing behavior |
Ability to travel back to place of birth using magnetic and light clues as well as smells |
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Advantages/disadvantages of social organisms |
Advantage - protection, mate choice, locating and security of food, protecting of resources, division of labour
Disadvantage- increased competition for resources Increased chance of disease due to lack of variation Interference with reproduction |
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Advantages/disadvantages of social organisms |
Advantage - protection, mate choice, locating and security of food, protecting of resources, division of labour
Disadvantage- increased competition for resources Increased chance of disease due to lack of variation Interference with reproduction |
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Communication |
Chemical Auditory Visual Tactile |
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Advantages/disadvantages of social organisms |
Advantage - protection, mate choice, locating and security of food, protecting of resources, division of labour
Disadvantage- increased competition for resources Increased chance of disease due to lack of variation Interference with reproduction |
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Communication |
Chemical Auditory Visual Tactile |
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Intraspecific competition |
Competitive social behaviors due to resources (food, shelter, mate) increase with density of population |
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Advantages/disadvantages of social organisms |
Advantage - protection, mate choice, locating and security of food, protecting of resources, division of labour
Disadvantage- increased competition for resources Increased chance of disease due to lack of variation Interference with reproduction |
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Communication |
Chemical Auditory Visual Tactile |
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Intraspecific competition |
Competitive social behaviors due to resources (food, shelter, mate) increase with density of population |
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Breeding behavior |
Polygyny - pimp Polyandry - female mates wth many males and male takes care offspring Polygynandry- random mating multiple male and female mate Monogamy- breeding pair both raise offspring |
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Advantages/disadvantages of social organisms |
Advantage - protection, mate choice, locating and security of food, protecting of resources, division of labour
Disadvantage- increased competition for resources Increased chance of disease due to lack of variation Interference with reproduction |
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Communication |
Chemical Auditory Visual Tactile |
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Intraspecific competition |
Competitive social behaviors due to resources (food, shelter, mate) increase with density of population |
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Breeding behavior |
Polygyny - pimp Polyandry - female mates wth many males and male takes care offspring Polygynandry- random mating multiple male and female mate Monogamy- breeding pair both raise offspring |
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Parental care |
Reproductive effort - amount of energy put into producing the young
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Biodiversity |
Diversity of ecosystems Variety of species Genetic variation within each species |
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Biodiversity |
Diversity of ecosystems Variety of species Genetic variation within each species |
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Predominant forest type NZ |
Podocarp-broadleaf Forrest lowland forest south auckland
Kauri forest northern area
Beech forest - high altitudes South Island |
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Biodiversity |
Diversity of ecosystems Variety of species Genetic variation within each species |
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Predominant forest type NZ |
Podocarp-broadleaf Forrest lowland forest south auckland
Kauri forest northern area
Beech forest - high altitudes South Island |
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Pest introductions |
Pacific rat and dog Europeans animals pests |
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Biodiversity |
Diversity of ecosystems Variety of species Genetic variation within each species |
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Predominant forest type NZ |
Podocarp-broadleaf Forrest lowland forest south auckland
Kauri forest northern area
Beech forest - high altitudes South Island |
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Pest introductions |
Pacific rat and dog Europeans animals pests |
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How to conserve threatened species? |
Eradication of pest Translocation Cross fostering Captive rearing Supplement feeding |
