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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Lotka-Volterra Model of Competition
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Describes the relationship between two species using the same resource.
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Competitive Exclusion Principle
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Hypothesis that when two or more species coexist using the same resource, one must displace or exclude the other.
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Fundamental Niche
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Full range of conditions and resources under which an organism can survive and reproduce.
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Realized Niche
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Portion of fundamental niche that a species actually uses due to interactions with other species (can change depending on species it interacts with)
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Character Displacement
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The principle that two species are more different where they occur together than where they are separated geographically.
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Zero Growth Isoclines
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An isocline along which the net population growth rate is zero.
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HSS Model
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Herbivores negatively affect plants and predators negatively affect herbivores therefore there is an overall positive effect on plants (the world is green).
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Secondary Compounds
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Chemicals that are not involved in the basic metabolism of plant cells (defense mechanism i.e. taste bad, smell bad).
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Lotka -Volterra Predation Mode
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the relationship between predator and prey populations
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Batesian Mimicry
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The mimic evolves to look like a chemically defended or unpalatable species.
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Mullerian Mimicry
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Different chemically defended or unpalatable (bad tasting) species evolve to look similar (all have defenses or unpalatable).
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Aggressive Mimicry
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A predator evolves to look like its prey.
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Functional Response
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Number of prey each predator is consuming as a function of prey density.
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Functional Response Type I
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Linear relationship between prey density and number of prey consumed per predator (slope of line = to constant).
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Functional Response Type II
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At high prey densities handling time leads to asymptotic response.
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Functional Response Type III
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Addresses the switch between high and low predation based on relative abundance.
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Numerical Responses
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Number of predator births as a function of prey density.
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Optimal Foraging Strategy
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Predators will select prey sizes or patches of prey in a manner that maximizes caloric intake relative to energy expended to consume prey.
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Marginal Value Theorem
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Predators will make decisions for how long to forage in a patch based off the patch quality, number of prey per patch, and distance between patches.
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Coevolution
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When two species affect the evolution of each other (evolving together).
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Red Queen Hypothesis
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Predator and prey are going to coevolve in a way that maintains the existence of both predator and prey.
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