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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Lotka-Volterra Model of Competition
Describes the relationship between two species using the same resource.
Competitive Exclusion Principle
Hypothesis that when two or more species coexist using the same resource, one must displace or exclude the other.
Fundamental Niche
Full range of conditions and resources under which an organism can survive and reproduce.
Realized Niche
Portion of fundamental niche that a species actually uses due to interactions with other species (can change depending on species it interacts with)
Character Displacement
The principle that two species are more different where they occur together than where they are separated geographically.
Zero Growth Isoclines
An isocline along which the net population growth rate is zero.
HSS Model
Herbivores negatively affect plants and predators negatively affect herbivores therefore there is an overall positive effect on plants (the world is green).
Secondary Compounds
Chemicals that are not involved in the basic metabolism of plant cells (defense mechanism i.e. taste bad, smell bad).
Lotka -Volterra Predation Mode
the relationship between predator and prey populations
Batesian Mimicry
The mimic evolves to look like a chemically defended or unpalatable species.
Mullerian Mimicry
Different chemically defended or unpalatable (bad tasting) species evolve to look similar (all have defenses or unpalatable).
Aggressive Mimicry
A predator evolves to look like its prey.
Functional Response
Number of prey each predator is consuming as a function of prey density.
Functional Response Type I
Linear relationship between prey density and number of prey consumed per predator (slope of line = to constant).
Functional Response Type II
At high prey densities handling time leads to asymptotic response.
Functional Response Type III
Addresses the switch between high and low predation based on relative abundance.
Numerical Responses
Number of predator births as a function of prey density.
Optimal Foraging Strategy
Predators will select prey sizes or patches of prey in a manner that maximizes caloric intake relative to energy expended to consume prey.
Marginal Value Theorem
Predators will make decisions for how long to forage in a patch based off the patch quality, number of prey per patch, and distance between patches.
Coevolution
When two species affect the evolution of each other (evolving together).
Red Queen Hypothesis
Predator and prey are going to coevolve in a way that maintains the existence of both predator and prey.