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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genotype
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Organism's genetic makeup
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Phenotype
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Organism's appearance, physiology, behavior.
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Transcription
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Process of RNA Polymerase transcribing DNA into mRNA
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Translation
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Process of translating mRNA into amino acids
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Codon
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Base triplet
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Initiation Codon
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Signals a ribosome to begin translating mRNA. AUG
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Termination Codon
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Signals a ribosome to stop translating mRNA. UAA,UAG,UGA
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Gene Pool
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Total aggregate of all genes in a population at any one time
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Fixed Allele
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All members of a population are homozygous for the allele
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Genetic Drift
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Change in a small population's genetic structure due to chance
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Gene Flow
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Movement of alleles between populations
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Mutagen
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Environmental factors that cause mutations: physical and chemical agents
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Inbreeding
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Mating between closely related individuals
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Assortative Mating
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Individuals choose mates based on certain phenotypic characteristics: Positive, choose mate that resembles self. Negative, choose mate that does not resemble self
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Fitness
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Ability of an individual to produce fertile offspring better than other individuals of the same species
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Sexual Selection
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Individuals with certain inherited characters are more likely to get mates than other individuals
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Sexual Dimorphism
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Difference in phenotypes of males and females of a species due to secondary sexual characters
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Speciation
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Evolution of 1 or more distinct species from an acestral species
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Paedomorphosis
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Retention of juvenile characteristics in the adult organisms
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Exaptation
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Structure that evolved in one context is co-opted for another, different function
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Biome
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Major geographic region based on the dominant vegetation
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Rain Shadow
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Region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills
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Conduction
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Movement of heat between substances in direct contact
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Convection
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Energy transfer through fluids by currents
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Radiation
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Energy transfer by electromagnetic radiation
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