Ecclesiology And Eschatology Final - Verses

Front 1

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? HS applies salvation BY uniting us to Christ

Back 1

1 Corinthians 12:13 (ESV)
13For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.

Front 2

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He regenerates us

Back 2

John 3:8 (ESV)
8The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

Front 3

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He converts us (brings us to repentance and grants us faith)

Back 3

1 Corinthians 12:3 (ESV)
3Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.

Front 4

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He assures us of and is involved with our adoption

Back 4

Romans 8:15–16 (ESV)
15For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”
16The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,

Front 5

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He works to justify us by by imparting faith in Jesus to us

Back 5

1 Corinthians 6:11 (ESV)
11And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.

Front 6

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He sanctifies us

Back 6

2 Thessalonians 2:13 (ESV)
13But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. (or)
1 Corinthians 6:11 (ESV)
11And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.

Front 7

How does the Holy Spirit apply salvation to the elect? He preserves us as God’s seal

Back 7

Ephesians 1:13–14 (ESV)
13In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,
14who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.

Front 8

What is the significance of the sealing of the Holy Spirit? To show ownership, authority, authentication

Back 8

Ephesians 1:13 (ESV)
13In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,

Front 9

What is the significance of the sealing of the Holy Spirit? To show security (main purpose)

Back 9

Ephesians 1:13–14 (ESV)
13In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,
14who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.

Front 10

What are Peterson's conclusions regarding the fruit of the Spirit? 1. Fruit is character qualities produced by the Spirit. God’s sovereignty is accented

Back 10

Galatians 5:22 (ESV)
22But the fruit of the Spirit is...

Front 11

What are Peterson's conclusions regarding the fruit of the Spirit? 2. But human responsibility is not omitted: all believers must trust, obey and rely on Spirit

Back 11

Galatians 5:16 (ESV)
16But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh.

Front 12

What are Peterson's conclusions regarding the fruit of the Spirit? 3. The Spirit produces his fruit only in those, and in all of those, who have been united to Christ in his death and resurrection

Back 12

Galatians 5:25 (ESV)
25If we live by the Spirit, let us also keep in step with the Spirit.

Front 13

What are Peterson's conclusions regarding the fruit of the Spirit? 4. Fruit is only properly understood over against the weeds. Two ramifications of this: 1) if people’s lives are dominated by weeds, they appear to be unsaved (verse). But Christians do have weeds in their lives and need to be reminded to repent, be reminded of their union with Christ, and to live by the Spirit.

Back 13

Galatians 5:21 (ESV)
21envy, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

Front 14

What are Peterson's conclusions regarding the fruit of the Spirit? 5. The fruit deals with interpersonal relations. The fruit is a part of God’s equipping us to love our neighbors.

Back 14

Galatians 5:22 (ESV)
22But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness,

Front 15

What is the biblical rationale for the marks of the church? 1. The Word

Back 15

Matthew 28:19–20 (ESV)
19Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
20teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.” (or)
2 Timothy 4:2 (ESV)
2preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching.

Front 16

What is the biblical rationale for the marks of the church? 2. The Sacraments of Baptism

Back 16

Matthew 28:19–20 (ESV)
19Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
20teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”

Front 17

What is the biblical rationale for the marks of the church? 2. The Sacrament of The Lord's Supper

Back 17

Matthew 26:26–28 (ESV)
26Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, “Take, eat; this is my body.”
27And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, “Drink of it, all of you,
28for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

Front 18

What is the biblical rationale for the marks of the church? 3. Discipline

Back 18

Matt 18:25-27; 1 Cor 5:1-5

Front 19

What is the biblical rationale for the attributes of the church? Unity

Back 19

John 17:20–23 (ESV)
20“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,
21that they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.
22The glory that you have given me I have given to them, that they may be one even as we are one,
23I in them and you in me, that they may become perfectly one, so that the world may know that you sent me and loved them even as you loved me. (or)
John 17:11 (ESV)
11And I am no longer in the world, but they are in the world, and I am coming to you. Holy Father, keep them in your name, which you have given me, that they may be one, even as we are one.

Front 20

What is the biblical rationale for the attributes of the church? Sanctity (overlaps with the mark of discipline)

Back 20

John 17:17–19 (ESV)
17Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth.
18As you sent me into the world, so I have sent them into the world.
19And for their sake I onsecrate myself, that they also may be sanctified in truth.

Front 21

What is the biblical rationale for the attributes of the church? Catholicity (follows from the ethnic universalism of the gospel)

Back 21

Matthew 28:19 (ESV)
19Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,

Front 22

What is the biblical rationale for the attributes of the church? Apostolicity

Back 22

John 17:20 (ESV)
20“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,

Front 23

What are the practical ramifications for unity in the church? The ascended Lord gave gifted men to equip the saints to do the work of the ministry. These results come when they all do their jobs: edification, unity, maturity, and doctrinal stability.

Back 23

Ephesians 4:11–14 (ESV)
11And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers,
12to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,
13until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ,
14so that we may no longer be children, tossed to and fro by the waves and carried about by every wind of doctrine, by human cunning, by craftiness in deceitful schemes.

Front 24

What are the practical ramifications for the sanctity of the church? Only those showing initial sanctification should be members in good standing of the church

Back 24

Hebrews 12:14 (ESV)
14Strive for peace with everyone, and for the holiness without which no one will see the Lord.

Front 25

What are the dissimilarities of the Word and Sacraments? i. Outward form (book and sermon vs material elements and ceremony) No verse.

Back 25

N/A

Front 26

What are the dissimilarities of the Word and Sacraments? ii. Function (Word brings about faith and causes it to grow (verse) vs the sacraments (verse) strengthen faith)

Back 26

Romans 10:17 (ESV)
17So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.
Romans 6:1–4 (ESV)
1What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin that grace may abound?
2By no means! How can we who died to sin still live in it?
3Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?
4We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.

Front 27

What are the dissimilarities of the Word and Sacraments? iii. Necessity (Word is necessary for salvation (verse) vs people can be saved w/o sacraments (verse)

Back 27

Romans 10:17 (ESV)
17So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.
Luke 23:42–43 (ESV)
42And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.”
43And he said to him, “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”

Front 28

What is the mode and significance of Baptism? 1. Mode: washing with water by immersion, sprinkling, or pouring, in the name of the trinity (verse...prefer sprinkling or pouring); we affirm unity of body of Christ by accepting baptisms of other believing churches

Back 28

Matthew 28:19 (ESV)
19Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,

Front 29

What is the mode and significance of Baptism? 2. significance: salvation, more specifically: i. union with Christ

Back 29

Romans 6:3–6 (ESV)
3Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?
4We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.
5For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.
6We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.

Front 30

What is the mode and significance of Baptism? 2. significance: salvation, more specifically: ii. Forgiveness

Back 30

Acts 2:38 (ESV)
38And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

Front 31

Ecclesiastical separation: biblical principles 1. It is the duty of pastors to protect the flock by holding fast to the truth:

Back 31

Titus 1:9 (ESV)
9He must hold firm to the trustworthy word as taught, so that he may be able to give instruction in sound doctrine and also to rebuke those who contradict it.

Front 32

Ecclesiastical separation: biblical principles 2. Heretics ought to leave the church

Back 32

1 John 2:18–19 (ESV)
18Children, it is the last hour, and as you have heard that antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have come. Therefore we know that it is the last hour.
19They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.

Front 33

Ecclesiastical separation: biblical principles 3. The church should discipline heretics who will not leave

Back 33

Titus 3:10–11 (ESV)
10As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him,
11knowing that such a person is warped and sinful; he is self-condemned.

Front 34

Ecclesiastical separation: biblical principles 4. Christians should separate from a church that rejects the marks of the church

Back 34

2 Corinthians 6:14–7:1 (ESV)
14Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership has righteousness with lawlessness? Or what fellowship has light with darkness?
15What accord has Christ with Belial? Or what portion does a believer share with an unbeliever?
16What agreement has the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God; as God said, “I will make my dwelling among them and walk among them, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
17Therefore go out from their midst, and be separate from them, says the Lord, and touch no unclean thing; then I will welcome you,
18and I will be a father to you, and you shall be sons and daughters to me, says the Lord Almighty.”
1Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.

Front 35

What is the service of the church? 1. Worship (prayer and the sacraments)

Back 35

Romans 15:5–6 (ESV)
5May the God of endurance and encouragement grant you to live in such harmony with one another, in accord with Christ Jesus,
6that together you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Front 36

What is the service of the church? 2. Evangelism (all God-honoring forms of outreach)

Back 36

Romans 15:16–17 (ESV)
16to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles in the priestly service of the gospel of God, so that the offering of the Gentiles may be acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.
17In Christ Jesus, then, I have reason to be proud of my work for God.

Front 37

What is the service of the church? 3. Edification (disciple-making and fellowship)

Back 37

1 Corinthians 12:7 (ESV)
7To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good.

Front 38

What is the service of the church? 4. Diaconal ministries (all God-honoring ministries of mercy)

Back 38

Acts 6:1–7 (ESV)
1Now in these days when the disciples were increasing in number, a complaint by the Hellenists arose against the Hebrews because their widows were being neglected in the daily distribution.
2And the twelve summoned the full number of the disciples and said, “It is not right that we should give up preaching the word of God to serve tables.
3Therefore, brothers, pick out from among you seven men of good repute, full of the Spirit and of wisdom, whom we will appoint to this duty.
4But we will devote ourselves to prayer and to the ministry of the word.”
5And what they said pleased the whole gathering, and they chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, and Philip, and Prochorus, and Nicanor, and Timon, and Parmenas, and Nicolaus, a proselyte of Antioch.
6These they set before the apostles, and they prayed and laid their hands on them.
7And the word of God continued to increase, and the number of the disciples multiplied greatly in Jerusalem, and a great many of the priests became obedient to the faith.

Front 39

What is the structure of NT church offices? 1. NT distinguishes b/w elders and deacons

Back 39

Philippians 1:1 (ESV)
1Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the overseers and deacons:

Front 40

What is the structure of NT church offices? 2. distinguishes b/w teaching and ruling elders

Back 40

1 Timothy 5:17 (ESV)
17Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in preaching and teaching.

Front 41

What is the structure of NT church offices? 3. all elders must be able to teach, but all do not have to occupy the teaching office

Back 41

1 Timothy 3:2 (ESV)
2Therefore an overseer must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, sober-minded, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach,

Front 42

What are the similarities of the Word and Sacraments? i. Author is God

Back 42

2 Timothy 3:16 (ESV)
16All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,

Front 43

What are the similarities of the Word and Sacraments? ii. Content is word of God

Back 43

1 Corinthians 11:26 (ESV)
26For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.

Front 44

What are the similarities of the Word (verse) and Sacraments (verse)? iii. Efficacy-they save

Back 44

Romans 1:16–17 (ESV)
16For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.
17For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith for faith, as it is written, “The righteous shall live by faith.”
1 Peter 3:21 (ESV)
21Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,

Front 45

What is the state of the new earth? 1. Biblical passages (2 verses)

Back 45

Isaiah 65:17 (ESV)
17“For behold, I create new heavens and a new earth, and the former things shall not be remembered or come into mind.
Revelation 21:1 (ESV)
1Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and the sea was no more.

Front 46

What is the state of the new earth? 2. Is the present earth renewed, or destroyed and recreated? (verse) prophetic language about a deep, thorough cleansing of the earth

Back 46

2 Peter 3:5–7 (ESV)
5For they deliberately overlook this fact, that the heavens existed long ago, and the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God,
6and that by means of these the world that then existed was deluged with water and perished.
7But by the same word the heavens and earth that now exist are stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly.

Front 47

Who is the right subject of Baptism? a. Abrahamic cov is a spiritual cov and is basis for new cov

Back 47

Hebrews 6:13–18 (ESV)
13For when God made a promise to Abraham, since he had no one greater by whom to swear, he swore by himself,
14saying, “Surely I will bless you and multiply you.”
15And thus Abraham, having patiently waited, obtained the promise.
16For people swear by something greater than themselves, and in all their disputes an oath is final for confirmation.
17So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath,
18so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.

Front 48

Who is the right subject of Baptism? b. there is a fundamental unity between the OT and NTs (no verse)

Back 48

N/A

Front 49

Who is the right subject of Baptism? c. in abrahamic (verse) and new covs (verse), God enters into relationship with his people as individuals and as families

Back 49

Genesis 17:7 (ESV)
7And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.
Acts 2:38–39 (ESV)
38And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
39For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”

Front 50

Who is the right subject of Baptism? d. It is God’s will that the initiatory rite, the sign and seal of the abrahamic (verse) and new covs (verse) be applied to believers and their children

Back 50

Genesis 17:10–14 (ESV)
10This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised.
11You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you.
12He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised. Every male throughout your generations, whether born in your house or bought with your money from any foreigner who is not of your offspring,
13both he who is born in your house and he who is bought with your money, shall surely be circumcised. So shall my covenant be in your flesh an everlasting covenant.
14Any uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin shall be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”
1 Corinthians 1:16 (ESV)
16(I did baptize also the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.)

Front 51

What is the significance of the Lord's Supper? 1. Past—strengthens our faith i. OT Passover was a memorial, a commemoration of the great redemptive act of God

Back 51

Exodus 12:1-14 (ESV)
14“This day shall be for you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the LORD; throughout your generations, as a statute forever, you shall keep it as a feast.

Front 52

What is the significance of the Lord's Supper? 2. Present—strengthens our love i. LS is a communion with the glorified Lord

Back 52

1 Corinthians 10:16–17 (ESV)
16The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?
17Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.

Front 53

What is the significance of the Lord's Supper? 3. Future—strengthens our hope i. points toward the Wedding Feast of the Lamb, when we will eat and drink with Jesus:

Back 53

Matthew 26:29 (ESV)
29I tell you I will not drink again of this fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”

Front 54

What are some introductory issues regarding Last Things? 1. The two ages: present age vs age to come a. present age characterized by evil (verse) Age to come characterized by: the resurrection (verse)

Back 54

Galatians 1:4 (ESV)
4who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,
Luke 20:35–36 (ESV)
35but those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and to the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage,
36for they cannot die anymore, because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection.

Front 55

What are some introductory issues regarding Last Things? 2. Kingdom of God a. inaugurated in Jesus’ public ministry (verse) b. expanded in Jesus’ exaltation to God’s right hand (verse) c. will be consummated when Jesus returns (verse)

Back 55

Matthew 12:28 (ESV)
28But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.
Acts 5:31 (ESV)
31God exalted him at his right hand as Leader and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins.
Matthew 25:31–46 (ESV)
31“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.
32Before him will be gathered all the nations, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.

Front 56

What are some introductory issues regarding Last Things? 3. The already and the not yet a. church and ind believers live in tension between these realities; as a result we should be realistic and optimistic

Back 56

1 Thessalonians 4:13 (ESV)
13But we do not want you to be uninformed, brothers, about those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope.

Front 57

What are some observations on death and the intermediate state? 1. Death—not natural but unnatural, the last enemy (verse) a. death and fear of death are result of sin (verse)

Back 57

1 Corinthians 15:26 (ESV)
26The last enemy to be destroyed is death.
Genesis 2:17 (ESV)
17but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”

Front 58

What are some observations on death and the intermediate state? 2. Intermediate state a. for believers (verse) b. for unbelievers (verse)

Back 58

Philippians 1:23–24 (ESV)
23I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.
24But to remain in the flesh is more necessary on your account. (or)
Luke 16:19-31 (ESV)
19“There was a rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and who feasted sumptuously every day.

Front 59

What are some observations on death and the intermediate state? 3. Immortality a. only God is inherently immortal (verse) b. he has granted immortality to humans (verse)

Back 59

1 Timothy 6:16 (ESV)
16who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light, whom no one has ever seen or can see. To him be honor and eternal dominion. Amen.
Matthew 25:46 (ESV)
46And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”

Front 60

What are some observations on the Second Coming? A. Its Manner 1. Personal (verse) 2. Visible (verse) 3. Glorious (verse)

Back 60

Acts 1:11 (ESV)
11and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”
Revelation 1:7 (ESV)
7Behold, he is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who pierced him, and all tribes of the earth will wail on account of him. Even so. Amen.
Matthew 25:31 (ESV)
31“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.

Front 61

What are some observations on the Second Coming? B. Its Timing 1. Imminence Passages (verse) 2. Interval Passages (verse) 3. Ignorance Passages (verse)

Back 61

Matthew 10:23 (ESV)
23When they persecute you in one town, flee to the next, for truly, I say to you, you will not have gone through all the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
Matthew 24:14 (ESV)
14And this gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed throughout the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.
Matthew 24:36 (ESV)
36“But concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only.

Front 62

What are some observations on the Second Coming? C. Its Function To promote spiritual readiness

Back 62

Matthew 24:42 (ESV)
42Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming.

Front 63

What is the nature of the resurrection body? 1. Glorious
2. Imperishable/immortal 3. Powerful 4. Spiritual (one passage for all 4)

Back 63

1 Corinthians 15:42–44 (ESV)
42So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable.
43It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.
44It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.

Front 64

What is the purpose of the last judgment? 1. To display the glory of God: his sovereignty, righteousness, power, truth, and holiness

Back 64

Romans 2:5 (ESV)
5But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.

Front 65

What is the purpose of the last judgment? 2. Not to determine eternal destinies—they are determined before death (verse)—but to assign destinies (verse)

Back 65

John 3:16–18 (ESV)
16“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.
17For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him.
18Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.
John 5:27–29 (ESV)
27And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.
28Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice
29and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.

Front 66

What is the purpose of the last judgment? 3. To reveal degrees of reward and punishment

Back 66

Luke 19:16–27 (ESV)
16The first came before him, saying, ‘Lord, your mina has made ten minas more.’
17And he said to him, ‘Well done, good servant! Because you have been faithful in a very little, you shall have authority over ten cities.’

Front 67

What are the circumstances of the last judgment? i. The Father (verse), Son (verse), and Holy Spirit will be the judge

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Romans 14:10 (ESV)
10Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God;
Matthew 16:27 (ESV)
27For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will repay each person according to what he has done.

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What are the circumstances of the last judgment? ii. angels (verse) and human beings (verse) will be punished

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1 Corinthians 6:2–3 (ESV)
2Or do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are you incompetent to try trivial cases?
3Do you not know that we are to judge angels? How much more, then, matters pertaining to this life!
Revelation 20:12–13 (ESV)
12And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Then another book was opened, which is the book of life. And the dead were judged by what was written in the books, according to what they had done.
13And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them, and they were judged, each one of them, according to what they had done.

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What are the circumstances of the last judgment? iii. judgment will be based on thoughts (verse), words (verse), and deeds (verse)

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1 Corinthians 4:5 (ESV)
5Therefore do not pronounce judgment before the time, before the Lord comes, who will bring to light the things now hidden in darkness and will disclose the purposes of the heart. Then each one will receive his commendation from God.
Matthew 12:36 (ESV)
36I tell you, on the day of judgment people will give account for every careless word they speak,
2 Corinthians 5:10 (ESV)
10For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.

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What is eternal state of the damned? 1. Darkness and separation

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Matthew 8:12 (ESV)
12while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”

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What is eternal state of the damned? 2. Fire

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Revelation 14:10–11 (ESV)
10he also will drink the wine of God’s wrath, poured full strength into the cup of his anger, and he will be tormented with fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb.
11And the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever, and they have no rest, day or night, these worshipers of the beast and its image, and whoever receives the mark of its name.” (or)
Revelation 20:14–15 (ESV)
14Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire.
15And if anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.

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What is eternal state of the damned? 3. Crying and grinding of teeth

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Matthew 8:12 (ESV)
12while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”

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What is eternal state of the damned? 4. Punishment

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Revelation 14:10–11 (ESV)
10he also will drink the wine of God’s wrath, poured full strength into the cup of his anger, and he will be tormented with fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb.
11And the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever, and they have no rest, day or night, these worshipers of the beast and its image, and whoever receives the mark of its name.” (or)
Matthew 25:46 (ESV)
46And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”

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What is eternal state of the damned? 5. Death and destruction

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Matthew 10:28 (ESV)
28And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell.