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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensitivity
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a/a+c
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specificity
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d/b+d
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positive predictive value
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PPV = a/a+b
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negative predictive value
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NPV = d/c+d
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likelihood ratio +
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sensitivity/1-specificity
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likelihood ratio -
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1-sensitivity/specificity
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pre-test odds
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pre-test probability/1-pre-test probability
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post-test odds
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pretest odds x LR+
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post test probability
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post test odds/1+post-test odds
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numbers for pretest probability
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20, 50, 80
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pretest odds numbers
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20 - 0.25, 50 - 1, 80 - 4
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absolute risk reduction (ARR)
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EER - CER (experimental event rate - control event rate)
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number needed to treat
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1/ARR
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relative risk
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EER/CER
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relative risk reduction
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EER-CER/CER
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type I error
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finding of a significant difference between treatment groups when in fact none exists
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type II error
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no significant difference is detected between treatment groups when in fact such a difference exists in a larger population (often due to low power - not enough subjects)
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control event rate (CER)
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#pts in control group who had event/total # pts in control group
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experimental event rate (EER)
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#pts in experimental group who had event/total # pts in experimental group
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absolute benefit increase (ABI)
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EER - CER
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relative benefit increase (RBI)
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EER-CER/CER
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NNT (ABI)
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1/ABI
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Absolute risk increase (ARI)
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EER - CER
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relative risk increase (RRI)
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EER-CER/CER
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NNH
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1/ARI
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hazard rate
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event rate calculated as a function of time
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hazard ratio
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ratio of the harzard rates
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hazard ratio of 1 means?
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treatments are equal
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hazard ratio of 2 means?
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events occur in first group twice as frequently as in the second group
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hazard ratio of 0.5 means?
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events occur in first group half as often as in the second group
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pre-test probability
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the probability that your patient has the disease after you have performed a history and physical
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post-test probability
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the probability that your patient has the disease after you have applied the LR to the pretest probability
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sequence of evaulating pre-test probability to get to post-test probability
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pre-test probability -> pre-test odds --> post-test odds --> post-test probability
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