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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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THREE OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID
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TO PREVENT:
FURTHER INJURY INFECTION AND THE LOSS OF LIFE |
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EIGHT MAIN FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF FIRST AID
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BLEEDING
BURNS FRACTURES ELECTRIC SHOCK OBSTRUCTED AIRWAYS HEAT RELATED INJURIES COLD WEATHER INJURIES SHOCK |
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FOUR METHODS OF CONTROLLING BLEEDING
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DIRECT PRESSURE
ELEVATION PRESSURE POINTS TOURNIQUET (LAST RESORT) |
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DEFINE PRESSURE POINT
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POINT ON THE BODY WHERE A MAIN ARTERY LIES NEAR THE SKIN SURFACE AND OVER A BONE
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LIST PRESSURE POINTS
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SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY (TEMPLE)
FACIAL ARTERY (JAW) COMMON CAROTID ARTERY (NECK) SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY ( COLLAR BONE) BRACHIAL ARTERY (INNER UPPER ARM ELBOW) RADIAL/ULNAR ARTERY (WRIST) FEMORAL ARTERY (UPPER THIGH) ILIAC ARTERY (GROIN) POPLITEAL ARTERY (KNEE) ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY (ANKLE) |
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THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF BURNS
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FIRST
SECOND THIRD |
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FIRST DIGREE BURN
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PRODUCES REDNESS, WARMTH AND MILD PAIN
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SECOND DEGREE BURN
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CAUSES RED, BLISTERED SKIN AND SEVERE PAIN
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THIRD DEGREE BURN
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DESTROYS TISSUE, SKIN AND BONE IN SEVERE CASES. SEVERE PAIN MAY BE ABSENT DUE TO NERVE ENDINGS BEING DESTROYED.
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TWO TYPES OF FRACTURES
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CLOSED / SIMPLE - BONE IS BROKEN WITHOUT A BREAK IN THE SKIN
COMPOUND / OPEN - BREAK IN THE SKIN WITH POSSIBLE BONE PROTRUSION |
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ELECTRIC SHOCK
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WHEN A PERSON COMES INTO CONTACT WITH AND ELECTRIC ENERGY SOURCE SHOCK OCCURES. INJURIES RANGE FROM LITTLE OR NO EVIDENCE OF INJURY TO CARDIAC ARREST.
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OBSTRUCTED AIRWAYS
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OBSTRUCTION OF UPPER AIRWAY CAN BE CAUSE BY MANY THINGS DEPENDING ON AGE AND SITUATION. INDICATIONS ARE INABILITY TO TALK, GRASPING AND POINTIONG TO THE THROAT, EXAGGERATED BREATHING EFFORTS, AND THE SKIN TURNING A BLUISH COLOR.
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TWO TYPES OF HEAT RELATED INJURIES
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HEAT EXHAUSTION
HEAT STROKE |
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HEAT EXAUSTION
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SERIOUS DISTURBANCE OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE BRAIN, HEART AND LUNGS.
SKIN - COOL, MOIST, AND CLAMMY PUPILS - DILATED BODY TEMPERATURE- NORMAL TO HIGH SWEATING PROFUSELY |
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HEAT STROKE
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VERY SERIOUS CONDITION CAUSED BY BREAKDOWN OF THE BODY'S SWEATING MECHANISM. VICTIM CAN'T ELIMINATE EXCESSIVE BODY HEAT BUILDUP.
SKIN - HOT AND/OR DRY PUPILS- UNEVEN DIALATION PULSE - WEAK AND RIPID. |
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THREE TYPES OF COLD WEATHER RELATED INJURIES
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HYPOTHERMIA
SUPERFICIAL FROSTBITE DEEP FROSTBITE |
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HYPOTHERMIA
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GENERAL COOLING OF THE WHOLE BODY CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO LOW OR RAPIDLY FALLING TEMPERATURE, COLD MOISTURE, SNOW OR ICE.
VICTIM MAY APPEAR PALE AND UNCONSCIOUS OR EVEN DEAD. BREATHING - SLOW AND SHALLOW PULSE - FAINT OR UNDETECTABLE BODY TISSUE - SEMI-RIGID ARMS AND LEGS- STIFF |
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SUPERFICIAL FROSTBITE
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ICE CRYSTALS ARE FORMING IN THE UPPER SKIN LAYERS AFTER EXPOSURE TO TEMPERATURE >32 DEGREES
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DEEP FROSTBITE
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ICE CRYSTALS ARE FORMING IN THE DEEPER TISSUES AFTER EXPOSURE TO TEMPERATURE >32 DEGREES
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SHOCK
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LIFE THREATENING MEDICAL CONDITION WHEREBY THE BODY SUFFERS FROM INSUFFICIENT BLOOD FLOW THROUGHOUT THE BODY AS A RESULT OF SEVERE INJURY OR ILLNESS.
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TYPES OF SHOCK
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SEPTIC SHOCK
ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK CARDIOGENIC SHOCK HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK NEUROGENIC SHOCK |
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SEPTIC SHOCK
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RESULTS FROM BACTERIA MULTIPLYING IN THE BLOOD AND RELEASING TOXINS. COMMON CAUSES ARE PNEUMONIA, INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS (RUPTURED APPENDIX) AND MENINGITIS
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ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
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TYPE OF SEVERE HYPERSENSITIVITY OR ALLERGIC REATION. CAUSES INCLUDE ALLERY TO INSECT STINGS, MEDICINES OR FOODS. (NUTS, BERRIES, SEAFOOD, ECT)
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CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
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OCCURES WHEN THE HEART IS DAMAGED AND UNABLE TO SUPPLY SUFFICIENT BLOOD TO THE BODY. CAN BE CAUSED BY HEART ATTACT OR CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.
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HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
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CAUSED BY SEVERE BLOOD AND FLUID LOSS, SUCH AS FROM TRAUATIC BODILY INJURY, WHICH MAKES THE HEART UNABLE TO PUMP ENOUGH BLOOD TO THE BODY
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NEUROGENIC SHOCK
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CAUSED BY SPINAL CORD INJURY, USUALLY AS A RESULT OF A TRAUMATIC ACCIDENT OR INJURY.
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