Eas 111 Lab Exam 2

Front 1

Conglomerate

Back 1

Sedimentary Rock
Siliciclastic
Different kinds of rocks, such as dark and light colored pebbles and cobbles

Don't react with acid, feels grainy, large grain size, ROUNDED grains

Front 2

Sandstone

Back 2

Sedimentary Rock
Siliciclastic

Grains visible, Small grain size, grains distinct and visible under a microscope

Front 3

Shale

Back 3

Sedimentary Rock
Siliciclastic

No grains, may feel gritty or feel glassy, feels smooth, does not scratch fingernail, may be layered

Front 4

Limestone

Back 4

Sedimentary Rock
Biogenic chemical rock

Reacts with HCI acid,

Front 5

Coquina

Back 5

Sedimentary Rock
Biogenic chemical rock

Reacts with HCI acid, abundant fossils present, porus, light weight, broken shell fragments, tan to white

Front 6

Coal

Back 6

Sedimentary Rock
Biogenic chemical rock
Can also be considered metamorphic

Black, LIGHT WEIGHT, shiny, smudgy

Front 7

Gypsum

Back 7

Sedimentary Rock
Evaporate Chemical Rock

White, pink, clear, crystaline, softer than a fingernail, Fibourous thick plates, or dense

Front 8

Rock Salt

Back 8

Sedimentary Rock
Evaporate Chemical Rock

White, pink, clear, crystaline, softer than a fingernail, Salty Taste, three perfect cleavages, clear, gray

Front 9

How to classify Sedimentary rocks (3)

Back 9

Clastic
Chemical
Biogenic

Front 10

Gabbro

Back 10

Igneous Rock
Mafic Minterals
Dark Colored Pyroxene and calcium rich feldspar

Front 11

Diorite

Back 11

Igneous
Intrusive
Coarsely crystalline
intermediate between felsic and mafic (this means it has both light and dark colors)

Front 12

Granite

Back 12

Igneous
Intrusive
Felsic
Coarsely crystalline
Light-colored rock
Feldspar and quartz with some mica

Front 13

Basalt

Back 13

Igneous
Extrusive
dark lava rock
Mafic
Fine crystalline or glassy
gray to nearly black
some vesicles

Front 14

Gabbro

Back 14

Igneous
Intrusive
Coarsely crystalline
Mafic
Dark colored pyroxene

Front 15

Andesite

Back 15

Igneous
Extrusive
finely or glassy crystalline
fine grained equivallent of diorite
gray or greenish

Front 16

Rhyolite

Back 16

Igneous
Intrusive
Felsic
fine grained equivilant of granite
glass, pumice, ash

Front 17

Obsidian

Back 17

Ingeous rock
medium gray to black
shiny volcanic glass
forms rapidly from cooled lava flow

Front 18

Tuff

Back 18

Igneous Rock
volcanic
volcanic glass, pumice, minteral crystals

Front 19

Scoria

Back 19

dark gray, black, or red volcanic rock
VERY VESCULAR
large fragments

Front 20

intrusive (coarsely crystalline) from felsic to mafic

Back 20

Granite
Diorite
Gabbro

Igneous

Front 21

extrusive (finely crystalline to glassy) from felsic to mafic

Back 21

rhyolite
andesite
basalt

igneous

Front 22

granite is to _______

Back 22

rhyolite (felisic)

Front 23

diorite is to ________

Back 23

andesite (intermediate)

Front 24

gabbro is to_________

Back 24

basalt (mafic)

Front 25

As material move farther from source area, sediment gets ________

Back 25

rounded and smaller

Front 26

Steep slopes contain sediment that is _______

Back 26

poorly sorted and angular

Front 27

Strong, turbulent rivers and ocean waves can move______; less turbulent currents can ____________

Back 27

larges clasts
only move fine-grained sediment

Front 28

The agent of transport

Back 28

constrains the size of sediment that can be moved; wind can only move fine particles, but glaciers can move large and small particles

Front 29

Indicators of environment
Color

Back 29

red usually means rock formed on land in oxidizing environment;

gray formed under water in lower oxygen conditions

Front 30

indicators of environment
Size, shape, sorting:

Back 30

reflects strength of current, amount of transport, etc.

Front 31

indicators of environment
Thickness of bedding:

Back 31

thicker implies bigger events, faster rates, or longer times between environment changes

Front 32

Indicators of environment
Type of bedding:

Back 32

reflect specific conditions of formation

Front 33

Indicators of environment
Mudcracks:

Back 33

indicate an environment that was occasionally wet but was able to dry out completely; so on land

Front 34

Indicators of environment
Fossils:

Back 34

type of fossils (land, marine, etc) indicate environment as well as possible climatic conditions

Front 35

Limestone

Back 35

many varieties, but mostly consists of the mineral calcite
Typically gray but can be white to dark gray, yellow, tan, and brown
Frequently includes fossils
Dolostone was limestone but the contains the mineral dolomite, commonly with some calcite remnants

Carbonate Rocks

Front 36

Studying History of Sedimentary Rocks

Back 36

key to past
environments
climates
events
sequence of events
ancient life

Front 37

If a mineral is dark

Back 37

Hornblend- long, thin, needles of black
amphilblep black and blocky

Front 38

If a mineral is pink

Back 38

kfeldspar

Front 39

If a mineral is white/beige

Back 39

plageoplast

Front 40

if mineral is clear

Back 40

quartz

Front 41

If mineral is green

Back 41

olivine

Front 42

intrusive

Back 42

igneous
more cooling time in earth
better sorting
gabro, diorite, granite

Front 43

extrusive

Back 43

igneous
very small crystals
short cooling time
basalt, andesite, rhyolite

Front 44

if a rock has feldspar, it is probably...

Back 44

granite (pink or white)