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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the lithosphere made up of? |
The crust and upper mantle. |
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What is the inner core made of? |
Solid Iron. |
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What is the asthenosphere? |
A malleble/flexible layer that the tectonic plates (litheospherse) "ride" on. |
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WHat is the core? |
Made of iron; discovered by seismic waves bending. |
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What is the inner core? |
solid iron |
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What is the outer core? |
liquid iron and nickle |
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What is the crust? |
The thinnest and coolest layer, where we live, made of continental and oceanic crust;mostly made of oxygen,silicon and aluminum. |
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What is the mantle? |
thickest layer of earth,upper parts more liquid while lower parts are solid; mostly made of magnesium. |
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What is the lithosphere? |
The crust and upper part of mantle;broken into pieces called tectonic plates; moves on top of asthenosphere. |
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What is the mesosphere? |
The lower layer of the mantle. |
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What is the movement within the Earth's mantle where hot liquid rises and cooler liquid lowers? |
Convection |
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Why do scientist believe the plates move? |
Currents |
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Solid tectonic plates can move because of the slow-moving layer under them called what? |
asthenosphere |
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Tectonic boundaries can consist of 3 combinations of crust.What are they? |
Continent with continent,Ocean with Continent, and Ocean with Ocean |
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True or false;Continental crust is thicker less dense and newer. |
True |
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True or false; Oceanic crust is thicker less dense and newer. |
False |
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What is the theory of Continental Drift? |
Wegener suggested that all the continents used to be connected as one large landmass, that has since drifted to their present day locations. |
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List three pieces of evidence that Wegener used to support his theory of Continental Drift? |
plant and animal fossils matched on different continents Glacial streaks matched on different continents the continents seemed to "match up" like a puzzle Mountain ranges and rock layers matched up on different continental coasts |
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What did Wegener call the large continent believed to have once existed? |
Pangaea |
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What is the area where two tectonic plates meet called? |
Plate boundary |
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What makes up a tectonic plate? |
crust and upper part of mantle |
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What is the Ring of Fire? Where is it located? |
Where must earthquakes and volcanoes take place. It is in the Pacific Plate. |
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How do Convergent boundaries move? |
The 2 plates move towards each other. |
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What happens when oceanic+oceanic collide? |
one gets subducted under the other, which causes a trench and possible island arc. |
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What is a subduction zone? |
Where one plate bends and goes under another plate. Typically that plate goes down into the mantle,melts,and can resurface as volcanoes. |
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What is a mountain formed by magma that reaches the surface called? |
A volcano |
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What is the difference between dormant volcanoes and active volcanoes? |
Dormant is no longer erupting, but it could again; active are currently erupting or showing signs of eruptions. |
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Where do most volcanoes form? |
Plate boundaries; at the Ring of Fire |
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Why does Hawaii have volcanoes but is not along a plate boundary? |
It's caused by a hot spot. |
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How do divergent boundaries move? |
Apart |
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New oceanic lithosphere forms as a result of what? |
Sea floor spreading |
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What is the process of sea floor spreading? |
A divergent boundary in the ocean.Causes a place where new ocean is formed. This happens in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean creating a underwater, volcanic mountain range. |
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What is a mid-ocean ridge? |
A under water volcanic mountain range. |
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How do transforming boundaries move? |
Sliding past each other. |
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What happens along transforming boundaries? |
Earthquakes |
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What is it called when the Earth's crust break along which blocks of crust slide relative to one another called? |
Fault |
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What is the epicenter? |
The point on the Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point |
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What is the scale we use to measure the strength of earthquakes? |
Richter Scale |
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How does the Richter Scale Record the measurement of an earthquake. |
seismo |
