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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three areas where volcanoes occur.
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Hot spots, converging plate boundaries, diverging plate boundaries.
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Which stress force pulls and stretches rock apart?
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Tension.
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Which earthquake rating system measures the total energy released duing an earthquake?
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Moment Magnitude Scale
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Name the types of seismic waves in order of fastest to slowest.
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P waves, S waves, surface waves
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Why is tsunami created?
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When water is displaced by an undersea earthquake.
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Describe liquefaction.
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When an earthquakes shaking turns loose soil into mud. Buildings can sink into the mud.
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Describe a sheild volcano.
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A wide, gently sloping volcano made from layers of hardened lava. This lava is thin and fluid.
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Any change in the volume or shape of the Earth's crust is called
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Deformation
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Which two minerals make volcanic soil so fertile?
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Phosphorus and potassium.
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Define FAULT.
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The point beneath Earth's surface where crust breaks, triggering and earthquake.
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Describe the three stages of a volcano's life.
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Active - is erupting or shows signs that it may erupt.
Dormant -is not active but MAY become active in the future. Extinct - is unlikely to erupt again. |
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Where does magma collect inside the volcano?
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A magma chamber.
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Name the three types of stress on rock that cause deformation.
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Shearing, tension, and compression.
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Magma is thick and sticky when it contains a lot of ___________.
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Silica.
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Describe what is happening at a hot spot.
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A hot spot is an area where magma melts through the crust to erupt as a volcano.
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What is the Ring of Fire?
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A belt of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean.
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Identify and explain the factors that influence the explosiveness of a volcano.
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1) water content - the higher the water content, the more explosive 2) gas content - the higher the gas content, the more explosive the euption 3) silica content - the higher the silica content, the more explosive 4) temperature - the lower the temperaure, the more explosive.
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How do geologists locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
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By drawing circles to show the distance from three seismograph stations. The point where the circles meet is where the epicenter is located.
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