Earth Science Test.... What Else???

Front 1

What is a force per unit area that the air exerts called? And at sea level how much does the air exert?

Back 1

Air Pressure. 1kg/cm2

Front 2

What is a tube that is inverted into an open tub of mercury. It also measures air pressure.

Back 2

Mercury barometer.

Front 3

What has a coil on the inside that is sensitive to pressure changes. It also measures air pressure.

Back 3

Aneroid barometer.

Front 4

What are the three units of measurement that are devised for measuring air pressure and are average at sea level called?

Back 4

1. inches of mercury - 29.92 in.
2. cm of mercury - 76 cm.
3. milibars - 1013.2 mb.

Front 5

Give two examples of pressures at other altitudes.

Back 5

1. it's lower, but it's adjusted to compare pressures regardless of other elevation.
2. the normal range of pressure is 960-1050 mb.

Front 6

Why do pressures change?

Back 6

Because of the humidity and the temperature. Warm humid air means the pressure will drop increasing amount of clouds and precipitation. The opposite goes for cool and dry temperatures.

Front 7

What are the signs that they put for high and low pressure areas?

Back 7

H = relatively high pressure. L = relatively low pressure.

Front 8

What are lines on a weather map that shows areas of equal pressures called?

Back 8

Isobars.

Front 9

What is how quickly pressure changes over a certain distance called?

Back 9

Pressure gradient. High gradient = large change = faster winds.

Front 10

Why is there wind?

Back 10

Because of uneven heating on earth where the pressure is too low.

Front 11

As wind travels, air is deflected because the earth is spinning. What is this called?

Back 11

Coriolis effect.

Front 12

In measuring wind, what shows direction?

Back 12

A wind vane.

Front 13

In measuring wind, what shows wind speed?

Back 13

Anemometer.

Front 14

What type of winds are in the upper troposphere where wind systems meet?

Back 14

Jet Streams.

Front 15

What are large areas of lower tropospheric air that that has the same properties throughout called? they can be tropical or polar. Morative or continental - meaning wet or dry.

Back 15

Air masses.

Front 16

What is the size of an air mass?

Back 16

It can be several thousand km in diameter. Three can cover the US.

Front 17

What is a winter storm with fast winds and low visibility called?

Back 17

Blizzard.

Front 18

What do air masses do to make thunderstorms?

Back 18

Warm humid air rises during the day and forms random thunderstorms.

Front 19

What is a line of storms up and down ahead of the cold front called?

Back 19

Squall line.

Front 20

What is an electrical discharge between the ground and a cloud, cloud to cloud or within a cloud called?

Back 20

Lightning. Temperature = 28,000 degrees Celsius.

Front 21

What is a narrow, funnel-shaped column of spiral wind coming from a cumulus nimbus cloud called?

Back 21

Tornado.

Front 22

What is the top speed of a tornado?

Back 22

between 360-500 km/hour or 300 mi/hour.

Front 23

What is the duration of a tornado?

Back 23

15 minutes.

Front 24

What is the rotation of a tornado?

Back 24

counter-clockwise. L

Front 25

What is the size of a tornado?

Back 25

10 yards to 1 mile in diameter.

Front 26

What is the primary location of a tornado?

Back 26

South central USA.

Front 27

What is the common season tornadoes tend to occur?

Back 27

Spring.

Front 28

What is an intense tropical low pressure area?

Back 28

Hurricane.

Front 29

What is the top speed of a hurricane?

Back 29

120 km/hour or 74 mi/hour.

Front 30

What is the duration of a hurricane?

Back 30

They last from days-weeks.

Front 31

What is the rotation of a hurricane?

Back 31

Counter-clockwise. L

Front 32

What is the size of a hurricane?

Back 32

150-400 mi across.

Front 33

What is the location of a hurricane.

Back 33

Form in the tropics, move west and deflect away from the equator when the approach land.

Front 34

What is the main season hurricanes tend to occur?

Back 34

Late summer and fall.

Front 35

What are some methods of forecasting?

Back 35

Human observation, Radiosondes and balloons - attach weather instruments to a balloon and let it rise to the troposphere. Computers - making models of the human and balloon data. Satellites - taking pictures. Doppler Radar - uses radar waves which bounce back from precipitation droplets.

Front 36

What is a very small, universal symbol used to slow all weather conditions at one location called?

Back 36

Station Models.

Front 37

What is the order in which surface weather maps are made?

Back 37

1. Station models are plotted.
2. Isobars and isotherms are drawn.
3. Satellite pictures help locate fronts.
4. Radar overlays help show squall lines.

Front 38

What is the average weather at a location over a 30 year period called?

Back 38

Climate.

Front 39

Because of the tilt of the earth and curvature, not all places get the same amount of solar energy. What has these results?

Back 39

Latitude.

Front 40

What have the most sunlight on average and because of this always have warm temperatures?

Back 40

Tropics.

Front 41

What has very little to no sunlight, six months of darkness and has temperatures that go from cool to cold called?

Back 41

Polars.

Front 42

What has average sunlight, hot summers and cool winters?

Back 42

Temperate.

Front 43

Characteristics of mountains and their rainfall and climates.

Back 43

They separate wet and dry areas, and they have they''re own mini climates because of they're own altitude.

Front 44

What are some results of proximity to water?

Back 44

Coastal areas don't have a severe seasonal change.

Front 45

People effect climate how?

Back 45

By adding condensation nuclei, and by building cities which flood, have lots of wind and are warmer.