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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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forming outside on the earth's crust
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extrusive
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forming inside, under earth's crust
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intrusive
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molten rock on earth's surface
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lava
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molten rock beneath earth's crust
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magma
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extrusive rocks
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basalt, obsidian, pumice, rhyolite
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intrusive rocks
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granite, gabbro
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used for building
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granite
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covers ocean floor
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basalt
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extrusive igneous rock
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formed on the surface
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intrusive igneous rock
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formed below the surface
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slow cooling
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large crystals
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fast cooling
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small crystals
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The mineral crystals in obsidian are too small to see without a microscope. This is because it _____.
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cooled very quickly
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The rock beneath the continents is made of _____.
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granite
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Which of the following rocks would most likely be formed from an erupting volcano?
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basalt
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Emily finds a rock with crystals 2 cm large. Her rock _____.
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has a coarse texture
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individual particle in sedimentary rock
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clast
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breaking-down process that changes minerals in rock
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degradation
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chemical sedimentary rock formed when minerals are left behind by evaporated water
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evaporite
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weathered rock, bone frag., soil, particles carried by wind, water, and ice
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sediment
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chemical sedimentary rock hanging from the ceiling of a cave
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stalactite
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mineral crystals
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chemical s. rock
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remains of dead creatures
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organic s. rock
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weathered rock particles
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clastic s. rock
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s. rock usually _____
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forms horizontal layers
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Gerta finds a sedimentary rock with large clasts cemented together. Each clast is larger than 2 mm. Gerta has found _____.
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a conglomerate
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Which of the following rocks forms from shells and calcium carbonate?
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limestone
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stalactites and stalagmites are examples of :
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chemical s. rock
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Cornelius sees a landform with almost vertical layers of sedimentary rocks. Which of the following statements is most likely true?
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a geologic event shifted the rocks
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changes in rocks caused by magma seeping into crustal rock; occurs at high temperature and low pressure
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contact metamorphism
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changes in rocks caused by tectonic plates rubbing sideways against one another; occurs at low to high temperatures and high pressure
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dynamic metamorphism
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layers or bands found in m. rock
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foliation
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changes in rocks caused by chemicals in hot water; occurs at low temperature and low pressure
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hydrothermal metamorphism
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physical, chemical, or structural change
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metamorphosis
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changes in rocks caused by tectonic plates pushing together; occurs at low to high temperatures and medium pressure
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regional metamorphism
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Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock. It was formed from _____.
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directed pressure
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metamorphic rocks are formed from
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heat, pressure, chemical reactions
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sandstone
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quartzite
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marble
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limestone
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slate
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shale
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What rock would most likely be used for roof shingles?
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slate
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The San Andreas Fault, which runs through California, is two plates sliding sideways past one another. Which type of metamorphism is most likely to occur along the fault line?
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dynamic
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pressure and chemical processes that transform sediments into rock
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lithification
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small pieces of weathered, broken down rock
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regolith
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sinking of one tectonic plate beneath another
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subduction
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rise of one part of earth's crust above another
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uplift
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Basalt is pushed into the crust by subduction. It will most likely become _____.
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metamorphic rock
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A layer of sandstone is uplifted. This rock will most likely _____.
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weather into new sedimentary rock
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In subduction, _____.
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the less dense plate slides over the denser plate
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