Earth Science- Chapter 13

Front 1

shields

Back 1

large areas of Precambrian rocks on the surface. (ex: the Canadian Shield covers 7 million kilometers, or the size of 10 states of Texas together)

Front 2

stromatolites

Back 2

most common Precambrian fossils made of material from algae. (there are no plant or animal fossils because they hadn't evolved yet)

Front 3

Precambrian Era

Back 3

spans beginning of Earth to 4 billion years later. (accounts for about 88% of the geologic time scale)

Front 4

Gondwana

Back 4

southern landmass in Paleozoic Era. made of future continents of South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica and parts of Asia.

Front 5

Laurasia

Back 5

northern landmass in Paleozoic Era. made of future continents of North America, Europe and some of Asia.

Front 6

Paleozoic Era

Back 6

spans about 292 million years right after Precambrian Era. Fish, plants, insects, amphibians, and reptiles evolved.

Front 7

Pangaea

Back 7

Gondwana and Laurasia landmasses fused to form this supercontinent at the end of Paleozoic Era.

Front 8

dinosaur

Back 8

dominant land reptile in Mesozoic Era, but extinct by the end of the era.

Front 9

gymnosperm

Back 9

dominant plants of the Mesozoic Era. cycads (pineapple), conifers (pines), and ginkgoes.

Front 10

Mesozoic Era

Back 10

followed Paleozoic Era. era of the dinosaur. marked the beginning of Pangaea breaking up.

Front 11

mammal

Back 11

determined by 2 things:
1) young are born alive instead of in eggs
2) they are "warm-blooded" meaning they maintain a steady body temperature

Front 12

angiosperm

Back 12

flowering plants with covered seeds. replaced gymnosperms as dominant land plants.

Front 13

Cenozoic Era

Back 13

followed Mesozoic Era. time when mammals and humans developed and mammals replaced reptiles as dominant land life.