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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a surface current?
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a current taht moves water horizontally
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what are surface currents powered by?
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wind
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the wind forces the ocean to move in ....
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huge circular patterns
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surface currents move ...
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only the upper hundred meterss of water
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name two things that are moved by surface currents
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1. seeds
2. plants |
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surface ocaan currents and winds are affected by the...
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cociolis affect
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what is the corolis affect?
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the shifting of winds and currents from their expectede paths. this is because the earth is rotating.
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earth rotates in what direction?
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towards the east
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winds appear to curve to the_____in the nothern hemisphere and to the _____left in the southern hemisphere
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right, left
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the surface winds can cause water to....
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pile up in ceratin areas of the ocean
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what causes surface currents (other than the wind)
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the corolis affect turning the water
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most of what we know about currents comes from...
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the logs of ninteenth centuarary sailors
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how can scientists track surface currents?
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by sending out bottles and haveing the people who find them send back the date adn place of where the bottle was found
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what is the tempeture of the cailfornia current?
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COLD
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as warm ater flows away from the equator, what happens?
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the water releases heat into the atmosphere. This affects the climate.
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what is an upwelling?
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a circulation of the ocean that brings cold, water to the surface.
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what is an upwelling caused by?
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wind blowing parallel to a coast, blowing the water away from the coast. the cold water comes up to fill the space
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in an upwelling, what is found in the deep water that comes to the surface, and how did it get there?
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nutrients. These come from organisms dying and sinking to the bottom where they decay.
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in an upwelling, what do these nutrients attract, and why
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they attract fish. This is because that more plankton come to eat the nutrients, and fish come to eat the plankton.
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deep in the ocean, what causes water to circulate?
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changes in density
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what causes a density current to form?
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when a mass of seawater becomes more dense than the surrounding water and sinks to the bottom due to gravity.
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What can increase the density of a mass of water?
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An increase in salinity, or a decrease in tempeture
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at what speed do density currents circulate wate?
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very slowly
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an important density currents starts in Antartica where...
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extremely dense ocean water forms in the winter.
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in the anatartic deep water current, what causes the already dense water to become even more dense?
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the less dense water freezes, leaving dissolved salt behind. this dissolved salt increases the salinity of the unfrozen water, causing it to become more dense
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