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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The physical, chemical, or biological breakdown of rocks or minerals at or near the earth's surface
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Weathering
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Transportation and deposition of weathered rock and soil particles by water, wind or ice
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Erosion
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Down slope movement of rock, regolith and soil under the direct action of gravity
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Mass Wasting
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The physical breakup of rocks without changes in the rocks' composition. Breaking in to smaller pieces, smooth and rounded
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Mechanical Weathering
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Wearing away of a rock surface by the friction and impact of rock particles carried by water, wind, or ice
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Abrasion
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Breakup of exposed igneous rock in concentric slobs that are parallel to the rock's surface
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Exfoliation
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Example of Mechanical Weathering
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Organic activity produced by plants and animals
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The breakdown of minerals by chemical reaction with water, with other chemicals dissolved in water, or with gases in the air
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Chemical Weathering
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The most important agent of Chemical Weathering
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Water
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Chemical union of water with another substance. A process by which feldspars are converted into clays.
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Hydration
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The movement of a detached material of any size which is not always in contact with the ground below
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Fall
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The downward movement of a fairly coherent unit of rock or soil along a well defined surface
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Slide
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The downward slipping of a mass of rock or soil only a short distance along a curved surface of rupture
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Slump
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Large flowing masses of rocks, soil and water mixed to mud like consistency
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Mudflow
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The downward plastic flow of a mass of soil
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Earthflow
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Gradual down slope movement of soil and regolith by gravity
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Creep
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Some of the water that sinks into the ground is absorbed by plants which release it into the atmosphere
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Transpiration
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A body of flowing water that carries material (rock particles and dissolved substances), and that flows down a slope along a definite path
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Stream
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The quantity of water that passes a given point in a unit of time
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Discharge
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The slope or steepness measured along a stream channel
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Gradient
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The material a stream carries
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Load
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The total amount of material that a stream can move
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Capacity
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Any spot is the largest size of particle it can move in the bed load which is mainly a function of its velocity
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Competence
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A flat or gently sloping region around a stream channel into which the stream spills over during floods
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floodplain
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The proportion of void (pore) spaces within the material cracks holes, unfilled by solid material, whether within or between mineral grains
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Porosity
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When water freezes?
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Its volume increases and expands by 9%
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Most important gas that speeds weathering atmospheric acid?
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Carbon Dioxide
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Total amount of water vapor in the earth's atmosphere?
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384,000 remains the same
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Which of the following powers the hydro cycle?
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Sun
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Which discharge, input & output, a stream that is neither its eroding channel or depositing?
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Gradient Stream
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Above the impermeable layer is a zone of rock or soil that is water saturated, in which water fills all the accessible pore space
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Phreatic zone or Zone of saturation
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Defined as the upper surface of the zone of saturation, where the saturated zone is not confined by overlying impermeable rocks
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Water Table
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Rock or soil in which pore spaces are filled partly with water, party with air
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Vadose zone or Zone of aeration
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The amount of water that a material can hold is determined by what character?
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Perosity
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Underground region of water, a rock that holds enough wtaer and transmit it rapidly enough to be useful as a source of water.
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Aquifer
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Holds the oldest sea water on the earth?
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Soon after the earth was formed
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Most important agent of erosion?
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Steams
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Slowly flowing stream with wide plain, white flat plain is what stage of development?
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Old age
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Shock waves traveling through the earth, rattle our planet perhaps one million times a year
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Earthquake
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Relative has occurred on either side of the movement fault
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Joint and a Fault difference
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Earthquakes that occur along 2 tectonic plates against each other occur?
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Short segment of boundaries at different times
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About how far with a plate be able to move in a century?
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3 meters
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Earthquakes
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B & C generate waves the earth's interior
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The sudden release of stored strain energy in rocks that result in movement along a fault
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Elastic rebound
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Each higher number on the ric. scale how much more ground movement then the ?
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10 times more
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seismic sea wave
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Tsunami
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Above the impermeable layer is a zone of rock or soil that is water saturated, in which water fills all the accessible pore space
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Phreatic zone or Zone of saturation
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Defined as the upper surface of the zone of saturation, where the saturated zone is not confined by overlying impermeable rocks
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Water Table
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Rock or soil in which pore spaces are filled partly with water, party with air
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Vadose zone or Zone of aeration
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The amount of water that a material can hold is determined by what character?
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Perosity
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Underground region of water, a rock that holds enough wtaer and transmit it rapidly enough to be useful as a source of water.
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Aquifer
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Holds the oldest sea water on the earth?
|
Soon after the earth was formed
|
|
|
Most important agent of erosion?
|
Steams
|
|
|
Slowly flowing stream with wide plain, white flat plain is what stage of development?
|
Old age
|
|
|
Shock waves traveling through the earth, rattle our planet perhaps one million times a year
|
Earthquake
|
|
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Relative has occurred on either side of the movement fault
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Joint and a Fault difference
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|
|
Earthquakes that occur along 2 tectonic plates against each other occur?
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Short segment of boundaries at different times
|
|
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About how far with a plate be able to move in a century?
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3 meters
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Earthquakes
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B & C generate waves the earth's interior
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The sudden release of stored strain energy in rocks that result in movement along a fault
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Elastic rebound
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|
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Each higher number on the ric. scale how much more ground movement then the ?
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10 times more
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Gradual down slope movement of soil and regolith by gravity
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Creep
|
|
|
Some of the water that sinks into the ground is absorbed by plants which release it into the atmosphere
|
Transpiration
|
|
|
A body of flowing water that carries material (rock particles and dissolved substances), and that flows down a slope along a definite path
|
Stream
|
|
|
The quantity of water that passes a given point in a unit of time
|
Discharge
|
|
|
The slope or steepness measured along a stream channel
|
Gradient
|
|
|
The material a stream carries
|
Load
|
|
|
The total amount of material that a stream can move
|
Capacity
|
|
|
Any spot is the largest size of particle it can move in the bed load which is mainly a function of its velocity
|
Competence
|
|
|
A flat or gently sloping region around a stream channel into which the stream spills over during floods
|
floodplain
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|
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The proportion of void (pore) spaces within the material cracks holes, unfilled by solid material, whether within or between mineral grains
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Porosity
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|
|
When water freezes?
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Its volume increases and expands by 9%
|
|
|
Most important gas that speeds weathering atmospheric acid?
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
|
|
Total amount of water vapor in the earth's atmosphere?
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384,000 remains the same
|
|
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Which of the following powers the hydro cycle?
|
Sun
|
|
|
Which discharge, input & output, a stream that is neither its eroding channel or depositing?
|
Gradient Stream
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