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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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air mass
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a body of air that is relatively uniform in temperature and pressure
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source region
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the location where an air mass originates
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continental air masses
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air masses that have low humidity because they originate over land
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maritime air mass
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air masses that have high humidity because they originate over water
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tropical air masses
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originate close to the equator and are relatively warm
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polar air mass
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cool air masses because they originate near one of the earth's poles
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mT
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maritime tropical - warm, moist air mass that came from the S Atlantic ocean or the gulf of Mexico
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cT
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continental tropical - warm, dry air mass that may have originated in the deserts
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mP
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maritime polar - cold, moist air mass from the northern parts of the Atlantic or Pacific ocean
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cA
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continental arctic - cold and dry air mass from Arctic Canada
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cyclone
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a region of low atmospheric pressure
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mid latitude cyclones
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low pressure or storm systems
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anti cyclone
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high pressure system
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fronts
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the boundaries or interfaces where air masses meet
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cold front
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bring cooler temperatures; cannot hold as much moisture (less humid)
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warm front
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lighter and less dense than cold air;cannot push cold air aside.
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occluded front
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when the interface or boundary between cold air and warm air is pushed off the ground and up into the atmosphere
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stationary front
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can remain in one location, keeping skies cloudy for days
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atmospheric pressure
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air pressure or the weight of the overlying atmosphere pushing down on a given area
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barometer
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measures air pressure
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isobars
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how air pressure is shown on a weather map
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effects of temperature on air pressure
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as temp increases, air expands and density and pressure decrease
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effects of water vapor on air pressure
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the greater the water vapor, the lower the density and air pressure
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effects of altitude on air pressure
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as altitude or elevation increases, atmospheric density and pressure decrease
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monsoons
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extreme weather changes caused by the shifting wind and pressure belts
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humidity
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the water vapor content in the atmosphere
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dew point
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the temperature at which air is filled with water vapor (creates liquid)
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cyclone
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low pressure storms caused by movements of air masses along the polar fronts
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hurricane
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a tropical low pressure center that gains enough energy to sustain winds of 74 mph or more
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thunderstorms
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heavy rainstorms accompanied by thunder and lightning (only these can create hail)
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tornadoes
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rapidly rotating, extremely low pressure funnel that hangs from a thundercloud
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blizzard
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a storm with winds of 35mph or greater with large amounts of falling or blowing snow
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