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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Crust

the thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle

Mantle

the layer of rock between the Earth's crust and core

Core

the central part of the Earth below the mantle

Lithosphere

the solid outer layer of the Earth that consist of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle

Ashenosphere

the soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move

Mesosphere

the strong lower part of the mantle between the ashenosphere

Tectonic plate

a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid outermost part of the mantle

Continental drift

the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up , and drifted to their present locations

Sea-floor spreading

the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies

Plate tectonics

the theory that explains how large pieces of the Earth's outermost layer ,called tectonic plates, move and change shape

Convergent boundary

the boundary formed by the collision of two lithosphere plates

Divergent boundary

the boundary between tectonic plates that are moving away from each other

Transform boundary

the boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally

Compression

stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object

Tension

stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object

Folding



the bending of rock layers due to stess

Fault

a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another

Uplift

the rising of regions of the Earth's crust t higher elevations

Subsidence

the sinking of regions of the earth's crust to lower elevations