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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Houses two senses |
Hearing (organ of corti) Balance/ equilibrium (semicircular canals, vestibule) |
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Ear separated into |
Outer ear - pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane Middle ear - ossicles, eustachian tube, tympanic bulla Inner ear - semicircular canals, cochlea, vestibule |
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Pinna |
Visible part of eat. Channels sound down into ear. Movement of pinna controlled by a complex group of muscles, each ear operating independently |
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External auditory canal |
L shaped cartilaginous tube, vertical then horizontal, from pinna to tympanic membrane. Contains sebaceous glands which secrete wax. |
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Tympanic membrane |
"Ear drum". Separates outer and middle ear. Thin membrane that vibrates with sound, can rupture. |
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Middle ear |
Transmits waves from pinna to hearing organs (ossicles, eustachian tube, tympanic bulla) |
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Ossicles |
Three small, connected bones, stretch from tympanic membrane to oval window. Malleus, incus, stapes. Transmits sound from tympanic membrane to inner ear. |
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Eustachian tube |
Leads from middle ear to pharynx. Allows equalisation of pressure. |
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Tympanic bulla |
Fine, bony case at bottom of middle ear. Houses middle and inner ear. |
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Inner ear |
Includes organs for hearing and balance. Filled with perilymph fluid. |
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Semicircular canals |
Three canals oriented at different planes to each other, like planes of a cube. In each tube is a tube filled with endolymph. End of each canal is enlarged space called ampulla with a crista (receptor cell). Hair process stick up into gelatinous cupula, brain senses movement as endolymph moves and hairs bend. |
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Vestibule |
Located between semicircular canals and cochlea. Two sac like spaces, filled with endolymph. |
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Cochlea |
Contains receptor organ of hearing - organ of corti. Separates into three chambers, filled with endolymph and perilymph. Oval window connects cochlea to middle ear. |
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1. Face?? 2. External auditory canal 3. Pinna 4. Tympanic membrane 5. Tympanic cavity or round window (??) 6. Malleus 7. Incus 8. Stapes 9. Semicircular canals 10. Cochlea 11. Cochlea nerve 12. Eustachian tube |
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Chemical senses |
Smell, taste Both senses use chemoreceptors. Taste has four types of receptors. Both senses complement each other and respond to many of the same stimuli |
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Olfaction |
Olfactory receptors are in the roof of the nasal cavity. Neurons with long cilia. Chemicals dissolved in mucus for detection. Impulses transmitted via olfactory nerve to the brain. |
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Taste |
Taste buds house receptor organs. Most on tongue, some on soft palate and cheeks. Hairs stimulated by chemicals dissolved in saliva. |
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Cherry eye Prolapse of nictitating membrane. Surgical repair required. More common in beagle, English bulldog etc (and under 2 years) |
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Entropian eyelid Turning in of edges of eyelid. Scarring, sores on cornea. Surgical repair common. |
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Ectropian eyelid Turning out of edges of eyelid. Common in bloodhound, bull mastiff, great Dane. Exposes conjunctiva to environmental irritations. |
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Cataracts Lens becomes cloudy/ opaque. Causes loss of eyesight. Often caused by diabetes, malnutrition, trauma. |
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Otitis externa |
Pinna, external auditory canal. Inflammatory condition. Headshaking, odour, pain on touching. Usually caused by fungal or bacterial infection. |
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Otitis media |
Middle ear structures. Usually result from untreated otitis externa. Rubbing, scratching, headshaking |
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Otitis interna |
Similar signs as otitis media, but with loss off balance. Diagnosis usually carried out with radiographs. Non responsive media or interna can result in total ear canal ablation (TECA) |
