Early Childhood Education - Subject Knowledge

Front 1

Environmental factors on children's development

Back 1

-lead poisoning
-exposure to contaminants in water, food and air

Front 2

Signs of emotionally neglected child or troubles at home

Back 2

-attention is reduced
-jealousy of classmates
-angry with classmates
-aggressive

Front 3

True or false:

Children from affluent areas exhibit more behavioral issues.

Back 3

False

Front 4

Three types of developmental delays

Back 4

Cognitive
Physical
Social

Front 5

Cognitive delays affect what areas?

Back 5

verbal communication
math reasoning
memorization
logical reasoning
visual and auditory processing

Front 6

Physical delays affect:

Back 6

motor skills
walk normally
hold a pencil

Front 7

Social delays include:

Back 7

inability to relate to others

Front 8

Positive self concept is:

Back 8

-liking oneself
-respecting oneself
-self-acceptance

Front 9

Process Approach to Improving self-concept

Back 9

Three phase model:
reach
touch
teach

Front 10

Invitational Education to improve self-concept

Back 10

The teachers actions are inviting and do not demean or alienate students

Front 11

How often should young children change activities?

Back 11

Every 15-20 minutes

Front 12

5 examples of 15-20 minute activities in reading comprehension are:

Back 12

1. Book walk: look at title and pictures
2. Read book aloud
3. Vocabulary activity
4. Independent skill activity
5. Whole class activity

Front 13

6 characteristics of children with behavioral disorder are:

Back 13

lower academic performance, low social skills, disrupt the class, aggressive, delinquent, withdrawn

Front 14

4 factors that affect behavior are:

Back 14

1. Psychological disorders
2. Gender
3. Age
4. Family characteristics

Front 15

Typical male behavior disorders include:

Back 15

1. ADD
2. Hyperactivity
3.Aggression
4. autism

Front 16

Typical female behavior disorders are:

Back 16

1. Phobias
2. withdrawal
3. bulimia/anorexia
4. depression

Front 17

The best way to detect behavioral disorders includes the following steps:

Back 17

1. Observe over time and on varied situations
2. Consult school psychologist

Front 18

6 common features of autism are:

Back 18

1. sensory deficit - appear not to hear or see
2. no response to affection
3. stimming
4. SIB - self injurious behavior
5. echolalia
6. deficit in self-care skills

Front 19

Students with disabilities may demonstrate difficulties in these 3 areas:

Back 19

1. Social skills
2. Academic skills
3. Self-help skills

Front 20

Keys to differentiated instruction:

Back 20

Must provide multiple instructional and assessment processes.

Front 21

3 Areas that need to be addressed in differentiated instruction:

Back 21

1. Content (What will be taught)
2. Process (How it will be taught)
3. Product (How will student demonstrate learning

Front 22

6 keys to alternative assessment:

Back 22

1. requires High order thinking
2. includes self reflection and assessment
3. real world applications
4. collaborate with peers and alone
5. encourages learning beyond assignment
6. Defines objective and performance goals

Front 23

ELL Cognitive approach focuses on communicating concept or grammar and word obtainment?

Back 23

Communicating the concept

Front 24

ELL Total Physical Response

Back 24

Combines language learning and physical movement

Front 25

Behavioral Learning Theory

Back 25

Students learn through repetition, in reaction to stimulus or through watching and copying.

Front 26

Cognitive Learning Theories

Back 26

-Learning is internal
-Access prior knowledge
-Connect to prior knowledge
-Like a file cabinet system

Front 27

Which is the smallest unit in a language system?

Back 27

Phoneme

Front 28

Pat and sat are what kind of pair?

Back 28

Minimal Pair

Front 29

Phonemic awareness Definition

Back 29

The realization that sounds make words.

Front 30

Which can be taught with students eyes closed - phonemic awareness or phonics?

Back 30

Phonemic Awareness - all about sound

Front 31

Most phonemic awareness activities are oral or written?

Back 31

oral

Front 32

Phonics or phonemic awareness is the connection between letters and sounds?

Back 32

Phonics

Front 33

True or false:
Children must have a strong foundation in phonics before they can start phonemic awareness studies.

Back 33

False. Must have strong foundation in phonemic awareness before beginning phonics.

Front 34

Can you teach phonics with the students eyes closed?

Back 34

No - must be able to see letters and hear the sound at the same time.

Front 35

Five phonological awareness skills are:

Back 35

1. Rhyming
2. Blending
3. ID beginning or ending sounds
4. segmenting words
5. See smaller word in bigger word

Front 36

Morphology is the study of what?

Back 36

Word structure

Front 37

What is syntax?

Back 37

Kids put words in sentence in correct order, though may not be grammatically correct.

Front 38

What is semantics?

Back 38

This is the understanding of how word order can change meaning of the sentence.

Front 39

What is pragmatics?

Back 39

The social rules of language. Kids can understand the intended meaning and know what is appropriate.

Front 40

What is brain-based education?

Back 40

Knowing how the brain works allows the creation of the most effective teaching methods.

Front 41

Part 1: What are the 12 principles of brain-based education?

Back 41

1. Brain is complex adaptive system
2. brain is social
3. search for meaning is innate
4. use patterns to learn
5. brain perceives parts and whole simultaneously
6. emotions are crucial to developing patterns

Front 42

Part 2: What are the 12 principles of brain-based education?

Back 42

7.learning requires focused and peripheral attention
8. learning involves conscious and unconscious processes
9. 2 ways of organizing memory
10. learning is developmental
11. challenge enhances complex learning
12. every brain is unique

Front 43

What is the multiple intelligence theory?

Back 43

Howard Gardner. Students learn 7 different ways: visually, verbally, kinesthetic, musically, mathematically, interpersonally, intrapersonally

Front 44

Which is the most current learning theory?
Brain-based
Constructivist
Multiple Intelligences

Back 44

Constructivist

Front 45

What is Constructivist Theory?

Back 45

Students construct learning opportunities
Build on previous knowledge
Zone of proximal development
Learning requires hands on social learning

Front 46

What is the metacognition learning theory?

Back 46

Teacher teaches the student how to recognize the best way for each student to learn and solve problems

Front 47

Three ways to increase language and vocabulary:

Back 47

1. Read to students
2. Talk about what was read
2. Converse with students during learning, don't talk at them

Front 48

True or False:
Listening skills increase complex language?

Back 48

True. teach through listening games, direct teaching of listening skills and modeling listening skills.

Front 49

Six strategies to increase vocabulary:

Back 49

1. Read books woth new words
2. use child's interest to learn new words
3. take field trips
4. expose child to varies curriculum: science, math, SS
5. introduce new words and use them in conversation
6.introduce new vocabulary in pairs

Front 50

Give an example of positional and directional words:

Back 50

on, off, in, out, beside, behind

Front 51

Give an example of temporal words:

Back 51

Before, after, during

Front 52

Give an example of comparative words:

Back 52

Big-bigger, heavy-heavier, cold-colder

Front 53

Strategies for enhancing complex language:

Back 53

1.1 on 1 conversation
2. open-ended questions
3. dramatic play
4. direct instruction of descriptive words

Front 54

What are some milestones of a child who has complex language skills?

Back 54

1. Understand abstract meaning
2. Develops non-literal meaning and humor
3. uses appropriate tone and inflection
4. initiates conversations
5. has area specific vocabulary
6. communicates via non-verbal gestures
7. expands conversations