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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Profiling
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the use of computers to combine data from multiple sources and create electronic dossiers of detailed information on individuals
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nonobvious relationship awareness (NORA)
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data analysis technology that instantly scans data and extracts information from disparate sources on individuals and finds obscure hidden connections that might help identify criminals or terrorists
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responsibility
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accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for the decisions one makes
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accountability
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a feature of systems or social institutions to determine who took responsible action and who is responsible
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liability
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a feature of political systems in which a body of laws is in place that permits individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations
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due process
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a process in which laws are known and understood, and there is an ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly
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privacy
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the claim of individuals to be left along, free from surveillance or interference from other individuals or organizations
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Fair Information Practices (FIP)
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a set of principles governing the collection and use of information about individuals
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Informed consent
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consent given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision
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Safe harbor
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a private, self-regulating policy that meets government regulators and legislators objectives but does not involve government regulation or enforcement
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Cookies
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small text files deposited on a computer hard drive when a user visits Web sites; identify the visitor’s Web browser software and track visits
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Web beacon (Web bug)
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tiny objects invisibly embedded in e-mail messages and Web pages designed to monitor behavior
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Spyware
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secretly install itself on a computer by piggybacking on larger applications
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Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P)
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provides a standard for communicating a Web site’s privacy policy to Internet users and for comparing that policy to the user’s preferences or to other standards
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Intellectual property
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intangible property created by individuals or corporations
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Trade secret
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a formula, device, pattern or compilation of data used for a business purpose
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Copyright
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a statutory grant that protects creators of IP from having their work copied by others for any purpose during the life of the author plus an additional 70 years after death; 95 years after initial creation for corporate-owned works.
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Patent
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grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years
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Computer crime
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the commission of illegal acts though the use of a computer or against a computer system
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Computer abuse
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the commission of acts involving a computer that may not be illegal but that are considered unethical
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Spam
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junk email sent by an organization or individual to a mass audience of Internet users
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Digital divide
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the inequitable distribution of access to digital information services along ethnic and social class lines
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Repetitive stress injury (RSI)
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occurs when muscle groups are forced through repetitive actions
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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CPS)
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most common computer-related repetitive stress injury to wrists
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Computer vision syndrome (CVS)
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any eyestrain condition related to display screen use; headaches, blurred vision, dry and irritated eyes
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Technostress
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stress induced by computer use
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