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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pathophysiology of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
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-Cell surface receptors for LDL are absent or defective, resulting in unregulated synthesis of LDL
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Clinical presentation of FH
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-Xanthomas
-Tendinous xanthomas -Eruptive xanthomas (reddish yellow) -LDL >190 in adult; >160 pedi's -FH of premature CAD |
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Secondary causes of Dyslipidemia (4)
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-DM
-Nephrotic syndrome -Hypothyroidism -Acoholism |
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Risk factors associated with Dyslipidemia (3)
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-Smoking
-HTN -FH of premature CHD -Age; >45 M, >55 F |
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Framingham Risk Score
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1. ID CAD risk equivalents
-in none, go to step 2 -if yes, go straight to chart 2. ID major risk factors -if 1 or less, go straight to chart -if 2 or more, calculate framingham score 3. Determine LDL goal from chart |
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Total cholesterol=
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HDL+VLDL+LDL
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CHD Equivalents on Calculating Framingham Risks & LDL Goals (6)
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* DM
* PVD (peripheral vascular disease) * Cerebrovascular Disease * AAA * Symptomatic Carotid Artery Disease * Chronic Renal Failure |
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Framingham Major Risk Factors (5)
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* Cigarette Smoking
* HTN >140/90 and/or taking antihypertensive meds * HDL < 40 * Family Hx of premature CHD - Male < 55 - Female < 65 * Age - Male > 45 - Female > 55 |
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NCEP/Framingham Guidelines
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1) CHD/Risk Equivalent?
*YES, go to GOAL CHART *NO, go to next step 2) Add Major Risk Factors *0-1 = go to GOAL CHART *2+ = calculate Framingham score 3) Determine LDL Goal from Framingham score |
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LDL Goal
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Very high risk: <70
-ACS, CHD+DM, multi CRF High risk: <100 (opt <70) -CHD or CHD equivalent >20% Moderately high risk: <100 -2+ risk factors 10-20% Moderate risk: <130 -2+ risk factors <10% Lower risk: <160 -0-1 risk factor |
