Dyslipidemia

Front 1

What are CAD equivalents?

Back 1

DM, Aortic aneurysm, PVD,TIA, stroke, 10 year risk for CAD >20% using Framingham risk scale.

Front 2

Who should be screened for dyslipidemia?

Back 2

Generally male > 35, female >45
According to USPSTF male 20-35 or female 20-45.
Regardless of age, all patients with known CHD, or CAD equivalents should be screened.

Front 3

What are the causes of 2nd causes of dyslipidemia?

Back 3

Tobacco, EtOH, hypothyroid, DM, obstructive liver dz, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome.

Front 4

What should clinicians advice pt with dyslipidemia about life stylestyle changes?

Back 4

Diet- rich in fruits, veggies, nuts, and whole grain, low in red meat and animal fat. Increase soy consumption.

Front 5

When should drug therapy recommended for dyslipidemia?

Back 5

depends on underlying RFs.
1. if none or 1 CHD RF, then 6 months of lifestyle mod.
2. if CAD or equilalent with LDL >100, start therapy.
3.if high risk CVD, treat LDL goal of <70.
4. If hospitalized for a CAD event. Start therapy. i.e. statins.

Front 6

What the goals drug therapy of dyslipidemia?

Back 6

Treat LDL first!
1. for high LDL, statin first, absorption blocker, niacin.
2. for High LDL and low HDL; statin 1st and niacin 2nd.
3. for High LDL and low HDL high TG; statin and niacin 1st, fibrate 2nd.
4. high TG levels consider fibrates and niacins
5. low HDL. niacin 1st, fibrate 2nd.

Front 7

What cautions during drug tx for dyslipidemia?

Back 7

be vigilant for drug interactions. Fibrates should be used with cautions when combine with statins (gemfibrozil) compete for metabolism via CP450, may induce rabdomyolysis.

Front 8

What are the SE of drug therapy for dyslipidemia?

Back 8

myalgias, myositis, increased LFT and (rare) rhabdomyolysis.

Front 9

What are some SE of Fibrates?

Back 9

can cause nausea and skin rash.

Front 10

What are some SE of Niacin?

Back 10

Can cause flushing, nausea, HA, glucose intolerance and gout. ASA can minimize flushing 1 hrs prior to taking niacin.