Dws - Science - Unit A - Lesson 1

Front 1

The first microscope was invented in the early _______ by _____ ______.

Back 1

1600s

Robert Hooke

Front 2

Why did Hooke call the first microscope slide (of a piece of cork) a cell?

Back 2

Because the tiny walled spaces of the dead cork looked like tiny rooms.

Front 3

The ____________ is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.

Back 3

cell

Front 4

Why were cells not observed before the 1600s?

Back 4

Because scientists had no tool that would allow them to look at objects that were too small for the normal eye to see.

Front 5

Name a simple organism that is made up of only one cell.

Back 5

bacteria

Front 6

Each cell in a multicellular organism has a special _______; or job.

Back 6

function

Front 7

The ____ and _____ of a cell depend on its function.

Back 7

size and shape

Front 8

Why are blood cells small and disc-shaped?

Back 8

So they can easily fit through the small blood vessels.

Front 9

Name three types of cells.

Back 9

blood, muscle and nerve cells

Front 10

Name the processes of a the cells in a organism.

Back 10

1) release energy from food,
2) getting rid of waste, and
3) making news cells

Front 11

The ___ _____ holds the parts of the cell together and protects the cell from the outside environment.

Back 11

cell membrane

Front 12

The ______ is the "brain" of the cell, controlling the cell's activities.

Back 12

nucleus

Front 13

______ is a jellylike substance containing chemicals to keep the cell working.

Back 13

cytoplasm

Front 14

_________ is considered the "powerhouse" of the cell; releasing energy from food.

Back 14

mitochrondia

Front 15

_______ are storage areas.

Back 15

vacuoles

Front 16

Name two organelles in a plant cell that are not in an animal cell.

Back 16

A cell wall and chloroplast

Front 17

The ___ ____ of a plant cell is a rigid layer that supports and protects the cell.

Back 17

cell wall

Front 18

______ are located inside the nucleus and contain information about the characteristics of an organism.

Back 18

chromosomes

Front 19

Particles moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is ______.

Back 19

diffusion

Front 20

What is the purpose of diffusion?

Back 20

To move materials in and out of the cell.

Front 21

What organelle of the cell is used with diffusion?

Back 21

cell membrane

Front 22

Diffusion DOES NOT require energy from the cell, this is called ___ ___.

Back 22

passive transport

Front 23

The movement of water and other material through the cell membrane is called ___.

Back 23

osmosis

Front 24

Why is osmosis important to plants?

Back 24

Osmosis allows water to move from the soil into the plant to keep the plant from wilting and dying.

Front 25

When material is too large to come through the cell through diffusion, it will bring it through another method called _______.

Back 25

active transport

Front 26

How does active transport work?

Back 26

The cell creates a channel in the cell membrane to bring large particles in.

Front 27

Active transport requires ________ from the cell.

Back 27

ENERGY

Front 28

The cell uses about _____ of its total energy in active transport.

Back 28

1/3

Front 29

Cells that work together to perform a specific function (or job) are called a ____.

Back 29

tissue

Front 30

Name the four types of tissue:

Back 30

1) muscle 2) nervous 3) connective and 4)epithelial

Front 31

What type of tissue is needed in the brain?

Back 31

nervous

Front 32

What type of tissue is blood?

Back 32

connective

Front 33

When tissues work together to perform a specific job, they are called ____.

Back 33

organs

Front 34

When organs work together to perform a specific job, they are called a ______.

Back 34

system

Front 35

What is a type of tissue in plants?

Back 35

bark

Front 36

Name two organs of a plant.

Back 36

roots and leaves