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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What processes lead to the formation of sedimentary rock? |
Weathering creates sediment and ions dissolved in water. These are transported by water, wind and ice, and deposited, leading to formation of sedimentary rock. |
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Where are the greatest sedimentary rock deposits found? |
Oceans |
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Lithification |
Process by which loose sediment becomes consolidated sedimentary rock |
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2 steps of lithification |
1. Compaction - Weight of overlying sediment compacts deeper sediment, reducing pore space 2. Cementation - Water percolating through pore spaces deposits cementing minerals, which bind sediment grains together |
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Most common cementing minerals |
Calcite, silica, or iron oxide |
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3 types of sedimentary rocks |
1. Detrital (clastic) - broken fragments of preexisting rock 2. Chemical - usually precipitated from solution (e.g., evaporates, some types of limestone and chert 3. Organic (biogenic) - composed mainly of shells or plant remains |
