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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is adjustment disorder?
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Stressor - commonly experienced (except grief)
1) Marked distress that is in excess of what would be expected from exposure to the stressor 2) Significant impairment in social/occupational (academic) functioning C) Not criteria for another Axis I or exacerbation of preexisting Axis I or Axis II disorder Begin within 3 months of stressor If continues beyond 6 months - change to another mental disorder |
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What is PTSD?
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a) Exposure to trauma
B) Reexperience - memories, nightmares, hallucinations, distress to cues C) Avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma/numbing D) Increased arousal - sleep problems, anger, difficulty concentrating, exagerrated startle response, excessive vigilance E) More than 1 month |
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What is acute stress disorder?
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Occurs within 4 weeks of traumatic event and lasts for a minimum of 2 days and maximum of a month
Stressor - like PTSD, severe |
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What is the criteria for specific phobia?
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A) Marked or persistent fear that is unreasonable, cued by a specific object or situation
B) Anxiety response or panic attack C) Person knows fear is excessive or unreasonable D) Phobic situation avoided or endured with intense anxiety or distress E) interfere with life F) at least 6 months animal, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, situational, other |
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Social phobia
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A) Fear of social or performance situations in which person is exposed to unfamiliar people or scrutiny
B) Exposure to feared social situation provokes anxiety or panic C) Insight D) Avoidance or endured with a lot of distress E) Interfere with life |
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Panic Attack
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4 o more, symptoms develop abruptly and reach peak within 10 minutes:
a) Pounding heart b) Sweating c) Trembling or shaking d) Shortness of breath 5) shocking 6) chest pain 7) nausea 8) Dizzy 9) Derealization (feelings of unreality), or depersonalization (being detached from oneself) 10) fear of going crazy 11) fear of dying 12) parathesias (numbness) 13) chills/hot flushes |
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Panic Disorder w/o Agoraphobia
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BOTH (1) and (2)
1) recurrent, unexpected panic attacks 2) at least 1 of the attacks followed by 1 month or more of concern about having another one, or consequences of attack B) no agoraphobia C) Not due to substance D) Not explained by any mental disorder |
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Agoraphobia
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A) Anxiety about being in places from which escape might be difficult/embarassing, or help not readily there
B) Situations avoided/endured with distress C) Anxiety or avoidance not better accounted by another anxiety disorder |
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Panic disorder w/ Agoraphobia
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A) Panic disorder
B) Agoraphobia |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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A) Excessive anxiety more days than not for 6 months or more
B) Difficult to control C) 3/6 of: a) restlessness b) fatigue c) difficulty concentrating d) irritability e) muscle tension f) sleep disturbance D) Not due to another Axis I disorder |
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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A) Either obsessions or compulsions
Obsessions: a) recurrent, persistent thoughts causing anxiety b) not excessive worries about real-life problems c) attempts to ignore d) product of own mind Compulsions: a) repetitive behaviors driven to do b) behaviors aimed at preventing or reducing distress or preventing dreaded event B) Insight C) time-consuming, interferes with normal functioning, or causes marked distress |
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Major Depressive EPISODE
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5 or more of following smyptoms for 2 weeks
Sadness/Loss of interest and at least 5: S: sleep disturbance (insomnia or hypersomnia) I: Loss of interest G: Guilt E: Lack of energy C: Difficulty concentrating A: Appetite (up or down) P: Psychomotor agitation or retardation S: Suicide Not mixed episode |
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Manic EPISODE
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A) Elevated, expansive, irritable mood - at least 1 week
B) 3 or more: (1) Grandiosity (2) Decreased need for sleep (3) Talkative (4) Flight of Ideas 5) Distracted 6) Increase in goal-directed activity 7) Pleasurable activities that have painful consequences F) Not Mixed episode |
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Hypomanic episode
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Same as manic episode, at least 4 days, less than 1 week
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Dysthymic Disorder
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A) Depressed mood more often than not for 2 years
B) 2 or more of: (CASE) 1) A 2) Sleep 3) E 4) Low self-esteem 5) C: Poor concentration 6) Hopelessness C) never been without A or B for 2 months at a time D) No major depressive disorder present for first 2 years E) No Manic/Mixed/Hypomanic/Cyclothymic disorder |
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Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode or Recurrent
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A) Presence of a major depressive episode
1) initial episode 2) recurrent episode B) not better accounted by another disorder C) never been manic episode or mixed, or hypomanic episode |
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Recurrent episode
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Preceded by 1 ore more previous episodes
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Chronic major depressive disorder
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Symptoms do not remit for 2 years
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Relapse
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Return of symptoms within a short period of time
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Major depressive episode with melancholic features
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lost interest
3 of these: a) early morning awakenings b) depression worse in morning c) psychomotor agit/ret d) loss of A e) guilt f) not simply sadness More genetic loading |
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Severe major depressive episode with psychotic features
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Hallucinations/delusions are mood-congruent
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Major depressive episode with atypical features
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Mood reactivity - person's mood brightens in response to positive events
2: a) increase A b) increase S 3) paralysis 4) sensitive to interpersonal rejection MAOIs appropriate |
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Major depressive episode with catatonic features
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Immobility, mutism, rigidity
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Recurrent major depressive episode with a seasonal pattern
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Fall/winter remission occured at same time of year
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Double depression
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Major depression with dysthymia
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Cyclothymic disorder
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At least 2 years, presence of numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms and numerous periods with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for Major depressive episode
b) not been without A for more than 2 months at a time c) no major depressive episode, manic, or mixed present |
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Bipolar I disorder
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A) 1 or more manic or mixed episodes
B) Presence of 1 or more major depressive episodes C) Mood symptoms not better accounted for by another disorder |
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Mixed episode
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Both full-blown manic and major depressive episodes for at least 1 week
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Bipolar II
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Not full-blown manic or mixed but clear cut hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes
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Hypochondriasis
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A) Preoccupation with fears of contracting/having disease, based on misinterpretation of bodily symptoms
B) despite medical evaluation, preoccupation persists C) 6 months |
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Somatization disorder
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A) History of physical complaints starting before age 30 that occur over several years
B) 4 pain, 2 gastrointestinal, 1 sexual, and 1 pseudoneurological symptom C) either 1 or 2: a) can't be explained by medical condition b) excess of what is expected Not feigned or produced intentionally |
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Pain disorder
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A) Pain
B) Distress C) Psychological factors D) Not feigned |
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Conversion disorder
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A) 1 or more symptoms affecting voluntary motor (no voice, no limb) or sensory function (can't see), or seizures that suggest neurological condition
B) Psychological factors C) Not malingering/factitious D) Not explained by general medical condition |
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Factitious Disorder
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A) Intentional production or feigning of physical or psychological signs of symptoms
B) ASSUME SICK ROLE C) No external incentives for behavior (like economic gain or avoiding legal responsibilities, as seen in Malingering). |
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Body Dysmorphic Disorder
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A) Preoccupation with defect in appearance
B) Significant distress |
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Depersonalization Disorder
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A) Persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from one's mental processes or body (sense of self is lost)
B) Reality testing remains intact |
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Derealization
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One's sense of reality of the outisde world is temporarily lost
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Dissociative Amnesia
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A) Unable to recall important info too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness
Episodic (events experienced) and autobiographical memory (personal events experienced) not working |
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Dissociative Fugue
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A) Travel away from home or work with inability to recall one's past
B) Confusion about personal identity or assumption new identity |
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Dissociative Identity Disorder
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A) Presence of 2 or more distinct identities, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of relating to self
B) At least 2 of the identities recurrently take control of the person's behavior C) Can't recall personal information too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness |
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Anorexia Nervosa
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A) Refusal to maintain weight
B) Intense fear of gaining weight C) Distorted perception of body shape and size D) Absence of at least 3 consecutive periods |
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Bulimia Nervosa
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Lack of control of recurrent episodes of binge eating (far greater than anyone might eat)
Recurrent and inappropriate efforts to compensate for effects of binge eating (like vomiting, laxatives, exercise) Self-evaluation influenced by weight and body shape |
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Eating Disorder not Otherwise Specified
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ex) Anorexia w/o absence of periods
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Binge-eating disorder
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A) Eating a lot
B) Lack of control C) 3 or more: 1) Eating much more rapidly 2) Uncomfortably full 3) Eat when not hungry 4) Eating alone 5) Guilt D) Distress E) 2x/week for 6 months |
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Obesity
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BMI above 30
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DSM and Personality Disorders
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Pervasive, inflexible
Long duraction Clinically significant distress or impairment in at least 2 ways: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control |
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DSM 3 Personality Clusters
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A: Odd/suspicious: schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid
B: Dramatic, emotional/erratic: BPD, histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial C: Anxiety/fearfulness: Avoidant, dependent, OCD-personality |
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Paranoid Personality
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A. 4:
1) Suspicious of being deceived, harmed, or exploited 2) Unjustified doubts 3) Not confiding 4) Hidden threatening meanings 5) Bears grudges 6) Angry reactions to character 7) Suspicious of fidelity |
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Schizoid
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A: 4 of folliwng:
1) Doesn't want close relationships 2) Solitary activities 3) No sex 4) No pleasure in activities 5) No close friends 6) Indifferent to people's appraisals 7) Coldness |
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Schizotypal
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A) 5:
1) Ideas of reference - gestures have special meaning or personal significance 2) Odd beliefs 3) Unusual perceptual experiences 4) Odd thinking and speech 5) Supicious 6) Constricted affect 7) Odd behavior 8) Lack of close friends 9) Excessive social anxiety Attenuated form of schizophrenia |
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Histrionic personality disorder
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A) 5:
1) Discomfort when not center of attention 2) Sexual 3) Shallow expression or rapid shifts in emotion 4) Physical appearance to seduce 5) impressionistic style of speech 6) Self-dramatize 7) Suggestible 8) Relationships more intimate than they actually are |
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Narcissistic
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5 of following:
1) Gradiose sense of self-importance 2) Unlimited success 3) Speciallness 4) Admiration need 5) Entitlement 6) Exploitative 7) Lacks empathy 8) Envious of others 9) Arrogance |
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Antisocial PD
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Continually violate and show disregard for rights of others through deceitful behavior, typically without remorse or loyalty: 3:
1) Failure to conform to social norms 2) Deceitfulness 3) Impulsivity 4) Irritability 5) Disregard safety 6) Irresponsibility 7) Lack of remorse Since 15, yet must be 18 or older Before age 15 - symptoms of conduct disorder |
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Conduct disorder
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Children/young adolescents who show persistent patterns of aggression towards people or animals, property
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Borderline PD
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Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, affects, and impulsivity as indicated by 5/9:
1) Avoid abandonment 2) Unstable self-image 3) Unstable relationships 4) Impulsivity 5) Suicidality 6) Mood reactivity 7) Emptiness 8) Anger 9( Stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociation |
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Avoidant PD
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Social inhibition, inadequacy, hypersensitive by 4:
1) Avoids interpersonal contact 2) Afraid, unless liked 3) Restraint 4) Overly sensitive 5) Inhibited because of inadequacy 6) Socially inept 7) Reluctance to take risks for fear of embarassment |
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Dependent PD
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Need to be taken care of, submission, fear of separation of 5:
1) Can't make decisions on own 2) Irresponsibility 3) Can't express disagreement 4) Difficulty initiating projects 5) Wants support 6) Doesn't want to be alone 7) Seeks other relationships 8) Fears of being left to take care of him/herself a) |
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OCPD
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Orderliness, Perfectionism, Control, 4:
1) Detail-oriented so task is lost 2) Perfectionism interferes 3) Devotion to work 4) Inflexible 5) Packrat 6) Reluctance to delegate tasks 7) Miserliness 8) Rigidity and stubbornness |
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Substance abuse
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1) Don't fulfill role
2) Use substances when hazardouse 3) Legal problems 4) Social/interpersonal problems 1 or more in 12 months |
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Substance dependence
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1) Tolerance - need increase amounts
2) Withdrawal - symptoms 3) Need lots of substance 4) Lots of time 5) Became most important thing - social, occupational, recreational activities given up 6) Can't quit 7) Continued use despite psychological or physical problem 3/7 12 months |
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Fetishism
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6 months, non-living objects
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Transvestic fetishism
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6 months, in a heterosexual male, cross-dressing
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Voyeurism
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6 months, Observing someone who doesn't suspect it
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Exhibitionism
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6 month, exposing to unsuspecting stranger
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Sexual sadism
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6 months, suffering of person
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Masochism
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6 months, humiliated
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Pedophilia
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6 months, Kid 13 or younger, person at least 16 or at least 5 years older
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Autogynephilia (Transvestic fetishism)
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thought of being a woman
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Gender Identity Disorder
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A) Persistent Cross Gender ID
1) Insistence to be other sex 2) Preference for clothing 3) Make-believe 4) Stereotypical games 5) Opposite-sex playmates B) Discomfort with sex or sense of inappropriateness of gender role 1) genitals digusting 2) Reject stereotypical games, clothes, etc. 3) Want to get rid of secondary sex characteristics |
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Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
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Deficient or absent sexual fantasies or desire for sex
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Sexual aversion disorder
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Persistent or recurrent aversion to, or avoidance of genital sexual contact
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Female Sexual arousal disorder
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Persistent or recurrent inability to attain, or to maintain until completion of sex, or adequate lubrication-swelling
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Male Erectile Disorder
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Inability to attain erection
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Female Orgasmic Disorder
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Delay or absence of orgasm (for capacity for age, experience, adequacy of stimulation)
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Male Orgasmic Disorder
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Delay or absence of orgasm, taking into account age, focus, intensity, duration, etc.
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Premature ejaculation
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Ejaculation with minumal sexual stimulation before/on/shortly after and before person wishes it
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Dyspareunia
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Genital pain associated with sex, or tampon insertion
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Vaginismus
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Involuntary spasm
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Schizophrenia
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2 or more, 1 month
1) Delusions 2) Hallucinations 3) Disorganized speech 4) Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior (disorganized no goal-directed activity, minimal hygeine) 5) Negative symptoms Only 1 required if delusions bizarre or hallucinations consist of 2 voices talking or 1 keeping a running commentary B) Dysfunction in work, relationships, self C) 6 months, with at least 1 month of symptoms above |
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Paranoid Schizophrenia
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Delusions/Frequent auditory hallucinations
No disorganized speech, catatonic/disorganized behavior, or flat affect |
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Disorganized Schizophrenia
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A) Disorganized speech
B) Disorganized behavior C) Flat/inappropriate affect D) NO CATATONIA |
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Catatonic Schizophrenia
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At least 2:
1) Immobile body or stupor 2) Excessive motor activity 3) Mutism, resistance to being moved 4) Bizarre postures 5) imitate speech or movement |
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Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
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Do not meet criteria for anything else
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Residual Schizophrenia
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A) Absence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, behavior
B) Evidence of schizophrenia, negative symptoms, mild psychotic symptoms, odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences |
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Schizoaffective Disorder
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A) Either Major depressive episode, Manic episode, or Mixed Episode with Schizophrenia
B) AT least 2 weeks where delusions/hallucinations present without mood symptoms C) Mood symptoms present for substantial proportion of total illness time |
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Schizophreniform Disorder
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A) Schizophrenia
B) Episode of disorder lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months |
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Delusional Disorder
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A) Nonbizarre delusions (could occur, like being followed or being poisoned), at least 1 month
B) No full-blown schizophrenia C) Functioning not impaired, behavior still fine |
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Brief Psychotic Disorder
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A) 1 or more: schizophrenic symptoms (except affect)
B) At least 1 day, but less than 1 month |
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Shared Psychotic Disorder
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A) Delusion develops in context of close relationship
B) Delusion similar in content to person with delusion |