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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
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•Class: Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: M •Action: Prounounced effects on bladder and GI tract; 4° amine, does not pass BBB •Indications: urinary retention, dec. bowel activity •Contraindications: peptic ulcers, asthma |
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Pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)
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•Class: Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: M •Action: stimulates salivary and sweat glands;contract iris sphincter and ciliary muscle to decrease pressure; absorbed into the CNS •Indications: Open angle glaucoma •Side effects: blurred vision, sweating |
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Cavimeline (Evoxac)
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•Class: Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: M3 •Action: increase salivation without much sweating •Indications: dry mouth •SE/CI: none |
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Carbochol (Isopto Carbachol)
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•Class: Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: M, N •Action: choline ester that is not not hydrolyzed rapidly •Indications: Dx of asthma •SE/CI: |
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Nicotine
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•Class:Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: N •Action: initial stimulation of alrtness, skeletal muscles; not broken down fast causing desensitization •Indications: •SE/CI: high doses cause convulsions, vomiting, increased RR followed by depression |
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Varenicline (Chantix)
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•Class: Direct acting cholinergic agonist
•Receptor: N •Action: partial agonist of N revceptor in brain to block action of nicotine •Indications: smoking cessation •SE/CI: N/V, CNS disturbances |
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Edrophonium (Tensilon)
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: short acting; binds reversible to enzyme; used to diagnose MG; •Indications: Dx of myasthenia gravis •SE/CI: |
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Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: carbamate; 4° amine •Indications: Dx of MG •SE/CI: muscarinic side effects |
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Physostigmine (Eserine)
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibtor
•Receptor: •Action: carbamate; like neostigmine but 3° amine (can enter CNS) •Indications: narrow angle glaucoma •SE/CI: unpleasant |
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Echothiophate
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: organophosphate with long duration •Indications: long term control of glaucoma •SE/CI: |
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Organophosphate Pesticides
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: phsphorylate AChE; reversible early but undergoes irreversible aging over hours •Indications: pesticides, nerve gas •SE/CI: similar to stimulation of both M and N receptors |
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Donepesil (Aricept)
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: CNS acting •Indications: Alzheimers •SE/CI: |
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Pralidoxamine (2-PAM)
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•Class: Cholinesterase inhibitor
•Receptor: •Action: can remove organophosphate to prevent aging •Indications: organophosphate OD or carbamate OD •SE/CI: |
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Atropine
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"Dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, red as a beet"
•Class: Cholinergic Antagonist •Receptor: •Action: does not enter CNS until high dose; block ciliary mm., lose of accommodation (cyclopegia); closes trabecular system; dose dependent effects ••Low - dry mouth, dec. sweating and dec. bronchial secretions ••Intermediate - tachycardia and blurred vision ••High - decrease GI, urinary retention, CNS effects •Indications: to reverse effects of reflex vagal disharge, bradycardia, AV block, asthma attack •SE/CI: side effects due to decrease of PNS and increase of SNS toen; CI - narrow angle glaucoma, BPH |
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Scopolamine
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: enters CNS easily to cause sedation and amnesia •Indications: motion sickness (patch), pre anesthesia, dry bronchial and salivary secretion •SE/CI: excitement, euphoria, coma with high dose; psychosis in kids |
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Tolterodine (Detrol)
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•Class: Cholinergic Antagonist
•Receptor: M3 •Action: not lipid soluble, few CNS effects •Indications: overactive bladder •SE/CI: |
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: •Indications: prevent bladder spasm after prostate sx •SE/CI: |
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Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: •Indications: used surgically to prevent vagal response when visceral handled; decreases M side effects when neostigmine is used for MG •SE/CI: |
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Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: inhibit motility and secretions in GI tract •Indications: GI antispasmotic •SE/CI: |
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Solifenacin (Vesicare)
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•Class:Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: M3 •Action: little effect on salivation •Indications: overactive baldder and urinary frequency •SE/CI: |
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Ipatropium (Atrovent)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: 4° amine derivative of atropine •Indications: inhalation for asthma and COPD •SE/CI: dry mouth |
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Tropicamide (Mydriacil)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: synthetic derivative of atropine with short duration •Indications: mydriasis and cytoplegia •SE/CI: CI- narrow angle |
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Diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil)
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•Class: Cholinergic antagonist
•Receptor: •Action: opioid that decreases GI motility •Indications: diarrhea •SE/CI: |