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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
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Heart failure accompanies by congestion of body tissues
complicated by pulmonary congestion or systemic congestion |
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Symptoms of CHF
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Tachycardia
Increased PVR Cardiomegaly Sodium and water retention by kidneys |
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Goals of CHF therapy
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Decrease Na and H2O retention
Decrease systemic O2 demand Decrease preload and afterload Improve conractility |
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Drugs used to treat CHF
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Inotropics (cardiac glycosides and bipyridines)
Diuretics Vasodilators |
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Action of Digitalis Glycosides
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Slows rate of ventricular contraction
Increases force of contraction Increases stroke volume increases cardiac output |
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Contributing factor to digoxin toxicity (electorlyte)
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hypokalemia
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Important drugs for digitalis glycosides
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Digoxin
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Action of Digoxin
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therapeutic effect on electrical activities of the heart
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Factors leading to Digoxin Toxicity
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electrolyte imbalance
acid base imbalance renal or liver disease dehydration |
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Adverse Effects of Digoxin
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Cardiac: Ventricular bigeminy or trigeminy (Initial sign in adults)
AV block (initial sign in children) Sinus bradycardia GI: Anorexia (initial sign in adults) Upset stomach (Initial sign in children) n,v, & d |
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Neurologic adverse effects of digoxin
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Blurred or yellow vision ***
Halos or colored dots *** Double vision HA Confusion/disorientation convulsions coma |
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Tell the physician if Digoxin level is...
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2 or above
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Antidote for dig toxicity
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Digibind
Administered through IV excreted by kidneys |
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Withhold Digoxin if HR is...
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Adults <60
Child: <70 Infant: <90 |
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What pulse do you check before giving Digoxin and for how long?
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Apical pulse for one minute
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Therapeutic levels of Digoxin
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.8-2.0 mg/ml
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How should clients take Digoxin
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When fully awake and at the same time every day
do not take atnacids or eat bran within 2 hours of taking their meds |
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How do Bipyridines (Amrinone/Inocor) differ from digitalis?
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Acts as a vasodilator
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Adverse effects of Amrinone (Inocor)
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Supraventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias
Thrombocytopenia N, V, anorexia |
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What lab value should you monitor weekly when taking Bypyridines?
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Platelet count
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