Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why is iron needed to make RBC's?
|
Iron is needed for the mitotic stages in erythrocyte synthesis
|
|
|
What does gastric pH have to do with iron absorption?
|
If it is low it helps Fe absorption, should try to take with orange juice
|
|
|
Is Fe3+ well absorbed?
|
no, it is the oxidized form so it is not very well absorbed
|
|
|
How much iron should you take in? how much is actually absorbed?
|
take in ~14 mg/day only about 1 mg is absorbed
|
|
|
Who requires the most iron? how much is that?
|
menstruating women 7-20 mg/day
pregnant women 20-48 mg/day |
|
|
ferrous fumarate
|
oral iron replacement
not enteric coated, limited course side effects: cramps, nausea, diarrhea, black stools (heme negative) repletion 3-6 months |
|
|
ferrous gluconate
|
oral iron replacement
not enteric coated, limited course side effects: cramps, nausea, diarrhea, black stools (heme negative) repletion 3-6 months *lower dose: better tolerated than the other ferrous salts |
|
|
ferrous sulfate
|
oral iron replacement
not enteric coated, limited course side effects: cramps, nausea, diarrhea, black stools (heme negative) repletion 3-6 months |
|
|
deferasirox
|
chelating agent, to excrete iron
to treat: iron toxicity ORAL fecal excretion side effects: headache, renal toxicity |
|
|
desferoxamine
|
chelating agent, to excrete iron
to treat: iron toxicity side effects: anapylaxisis, retinal damage PARENTRAL fecal/urinary excretion **Oto and ocular toxic! |
|
|
What are the sx of iron toxicity?
|
abdominal pain with bloody diarrhea (2-8 hrs) hepatic necrosis, acidosis, coma, death.
Dx: by blood levels |
|
|
What does a blood smear of a B12 deficient person look like?
|
hypersegmented neutrophils
|
|
|
What is the etiology of B12 deficiency?
|
not enough folate is made, not enough thymidine is not made. Also, succinyl-CoA is not made and the precursor which is a neurotoxin builds up.
|
|
|
What are the sx of B12 deficiency?
|
fatigue, sore tongue, multiple neurological abnormalities (vibritory sensation loss, ataxia, somolence, psychosis)
|
|
|
What two things can cause malabsorption of B12?
|
1)lack of intrinsic factor (autoimmune, post-gastrectomy, congenital)
2) small bowel abnormalities (IBS, resection, blind loop) |
|
|
Who needs extra folate?
|
pregnant women, hemolysis
|
|
|
erythropoeitin
|
action:stimulates proliferation of erythroid progenitors (CFU-E) and hemoglobin formation
*synergistic with IL3, GM-CSF, and BFU-E stimulates early release of reticulocytes |
|
|
What are the adverse effects of erythropoeitin?
|
1) renal disease=increased clots
2) HTN/seizures with high dose 3) allergy |
|
|
GM-CSF
|
granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor: with IL3, stimulates colonies and proliferation of granulocytes, monocytes, macro, and megakaryocytes
|
|
|
G-CSF
|
granulocyte colony stimulating factor: stimulates granulocyte colonies and neutrophil production
*promotes release of granulocytes from marrow |
