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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Penicillin
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B-lactam
---dont take w/ cephalosporins, Imipenem, Aztreonam G+ - easy to get to PBPs Bacteriocidal (actively dividing) |
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PenG
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salt, parenteral, drug of choice
-good distribution -watch kidney fcn -allergies, neurotoxic w/ OD **dont mix w/ aminoglycocides |
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PenV
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oral, w/food is OK
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Penicillinase
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resistant PCNs
Nafcillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin --MRSA: vanco |
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Broad Spec Penicillins
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aminopenicillins
(ampicillin, amoxicillin) G- |
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Extended spectrum
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antipseudomonals
(ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin) w/ aminoglycosides ventilator/hospital pts |
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PCNs combined w/ B-Lactamase inhibitors
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augmentin, zosyn (helps w/ some resistance)
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allergy
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prior exposure needed
-immediate = anaphylaxis -accelerated = hrs -late = days/wks *always stop med |
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Cephalosporins
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4 generations (4th is newest)
B-Lactam antibiotics (so dont give w/ PCNs) bacteriocidal (dividing bacteria) low toxicity resistance - due to b-lactamase |
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cephalosporins: uses
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infection of...
skin bone heart blood respiratory GI GU |
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cephalosporins: rxns & generations
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*allergic rxn w/ PCNs
*adjust dose w/ renal pts (watch BUN & creat) *ETOH intoll. (n/v, cold sweat) *anticoag (coumadin), aminoglycocides -watch for bleeding, bruising, etc. 4th generations better at... -activity w/ G- and anaerobes -resistance to destruction by b-lactamase -ability to reach CSF |
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Carbapenems
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(Imipenem)
**best b-lactam for anerobes broad spec **give w/ cilastin X PCN allergy pts Parental only |
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Monobactams
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(aztreonam)
G- **NO activity for G+ or anerobes** CAN be given to PCN allergic pts |
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Vanco
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staph aureus, MRSA, p. colitis
G+, with aminoglycosides SAFE for PCN allergic **red neck syndrome if given too fast **ototoxic/nephrotexic Peak - 1 hr after Trough - before next dose administer slow! |
