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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do anesthetics do?
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cause an absence of sensation or pain
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What are the 2 classifications of anesthetics?
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local and general
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How do local anesthetics work?
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they block pain conduction to the CNS, but do not affect the CNS, so the patient remains conscious
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What are the 3 groups of local anesthetics?
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esters, amides, and others
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Which local anesthetic would be longer acting, esters or amides?
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amides
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How are esters metabolized?
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by enzymes found in the blood or skin
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Where are amides metabolized?
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in the liver
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What could an overdose of anesthesia cause?
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medullary paralysis-paralyzes the respiratory and heart centers of the medulla, leading to death
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How many stages are there to general anesthesia?
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4
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What is Stage I of general anesthesia?
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Analgesia - euphoria with loss of pain and consciousness
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What is Stage II of general anesthesia?
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Excitement - increase in sympathetic nervous system effects such as blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate
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What is Stage III of general anesthesia?
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Surgical Anesthesia - surgery can safely be conducted
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What is Stage IV of general anesthesia?
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Medullary Paralysis
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What was the first general anesthetic?
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nitrous oxide
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Is ether an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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inhalation
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Is Midazolam an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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intravenous
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Is Diazepam an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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intravenous
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Is Halothane an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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inhalation
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Is Fentanyl an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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intravenous
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Is Alfentanil an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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intravenous
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Is Desflurane an inhalation anesthetic or an intravenous anesthetic?
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inhalation
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What type of drug is Procaine?
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an injection local anesthetic
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What type of drug is Tetracaine?
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an injection local anesthetic
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What type of drug is Bupivacaine?
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an injection local anesthetic
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What type of drug is Dibucaine?
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an injection local anesthetic
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What type of drug is Halothane?
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an inhalation general anesthetic
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What type of drug is Midazolam?
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an injectable general anesthetic
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What type of drug is Fentanyl Citrate/Droperidol?
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an injectable general anesthetic
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What type of drug contains the stem -flurane in the word?
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inhalation anesthetics
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