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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
blocks glutamate NMDA receptor, as does alcohol
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alcohol intereating with marijuana
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blocks anondomide receptor, which blocks the pleasurable effects of alcohol
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Rimonabant
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dehydration, elctroylate inbalance, sleep deprivation, hypoglycemia, irriates lining of stomach
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direct effects of alcohol (Hangovers)
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congeners, old alcohol, methanol
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indirect effects of alcohol (hangovers)
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usually found in the darker alcohols
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congeners
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oxidation increases acetadehyde levels
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old alcohol
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metabolized formaldehyde
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methanol
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what year was the first real link of nicotine to cancer
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1960's
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Rodrego de Jerez was jailed for ____ years for smoking cigarettes in spain
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10
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exclusively american
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nicotine
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in the 1950s what percent of smokers were male?
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80 percent
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Currently what percent of smokers are male and female?
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42 percent male
35 percent female |
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Smoking his highest among what age
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23
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What is the age range smoking highest among
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18-26
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Smoking is lowest in what area of the U.S.
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west
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there is no ____ difference among age groups other than 18-26 for smoking
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gender
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What percent of smokers are college and non-college students
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15 percent college students, 29 percent non college students
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Big cities have ____ smoking rates
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lower
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what are the percentage of whites, hispanics and blacks that smoke?
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44 percent whites
30 percent hispanics and 25 percent blacks |
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Parents who smoke _____ risk of children smoking, especially when the parent is the _____
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increase the risk
the mother |
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nicotine realses _____ which produces a buzz, and makes it highly addictive
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dopamine
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relax, lower anxiety (mostly for women), increase concentration, memory; weight control; increases performance on montoneous tasks, and increases reaction time
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subjective effects of nictoine
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the younger you are when you start smoking the ____ it is to quit
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harder
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smoking is ____ among the unemployed
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highest
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as education goes _____, smoking goes _____
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increase, smoking decreases
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The decline among men is ____ then the decline among women
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steeper
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there is a _____ relationship between advertising campaigns targeted to specific subgroups of youth and ______ smoking prevalence among those groups
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strong relationship, and increased smoking prevalence
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You can only market tobacco to adults
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Tabacco settlement package
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Nicotine is absorbed through most of the body membranes
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oral, buccal, nasal mucosa, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs
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Nicotine is most readily absorbed through ____, so inhaling is the most efficient way
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lungs
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nicotine is metabolized through the _____
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liver
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nicotine is primarily eliminated in the ____
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urine
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nicotine level is the ____ for smoking with a quick _____
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sharpest for smoking
with a quick decline |
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Chewing has a ____ rise in blood level then smoking an stays ____
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slower
stays |
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Less important eliminating ways consist of:
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sweat, saliva, milk of laceting women
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nictoine level peaks at ____ and declines though your sleep
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midnight
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increases behvaioraly activity, may produce tremors, stimulates vomiting center in brain stem, stiulate release of antidiuretic hormones from hypothalamus, reduces muscle tone by reudcing activity of afferent nerves from muscles, enhances alertness and memory
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accute effcts of nicotine and CNS
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smokers perception of successfully coping with stress while smoking,
associating smoking with parties, lower body weight |
acute psychological affects of nicotine
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lung cancer, heart attack, stroke, death
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chronic affects of nicotine
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the maine constituents of tobacco smoke that damages helath are:
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tar, nictoine, and carbon monoxide
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This constituent of tobacco really deprives the bodys tissues of oxygen and the brain and heart are espeically vulnerable, bc they depend on aerobic respration
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carbon monoxide
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this consituent of tobacco is where most of the cancer-cusing substance are found. It is also the material that remains after smoke is passed through a filter.
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tar
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the amoun tof tar and nicotine delivered in the U.S. brand name cigarttes has ____
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declined
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any implication that low-yield nicotine and tar cigarettes are less hazardous is deceptive, becuase it is said that ....
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there will be increased exposure either by number of cigarettes smoked or by depth of inhalation
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That National Cancer Insititue issued a report propsoing that Congress pass a law banning the tobacco industry using terms like...
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light, ultra light, and low tar cigarettes
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The biggest killer int he U.S. and people who smoke have nearly twice the risk of contracting it than nonsmokers do
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heart disease
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being in the vicinty of people smoking, is as if you are smoking yourself
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passive smoking
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bevehavioral and pharmacological are....
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smoking cessation strategies
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to find out what situations make you at risk of smoking, teach coping responses, and to teach smokers to self-monitor their smoking is all...
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behavioral cessation strategies
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the majority of people who complete this "stop smoking stragety" resume smoking 6 months to a year later
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behavioral cessation stratgies
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nicotine gum, nicotine patch, nasal spray, and inhaler.
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replacement therapies
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men or women have a harder time to quit smoking?
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women
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