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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inhalants are??
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gases that become liquid in pressurized can, volitale, evaporates quickly
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Solvents? Toluene? TCE?
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Used to dissolve grease, Toluene = main solvent, TCE degrease shit
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FUELS? Propellants? Nitrites? Anethestics?
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F-butane, gasoline
P-aerosol, nitrous N- nitrates, poppers A-n2o, clorofom, ether |
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Ether?
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Good- medicine, fast acting
Bad- convulsions, not used |
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How inhalants administered
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SNIFFING, HUFFING, BAGGING
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How inhalants absorbed?
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brain + liver
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Solvents/anethestics effects?
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Enhance GABA
ENHANCE GLYCINE Block Glutamate receptor nmda Acute effects- Euphoria, well being, similar drunk Overall CNS depressant Unconditioned to toluene low dose-incease motor high dose- high activity |
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Chronic effects solvents
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Nosebleed, ulcers, memory loss, cognitive impairement, loss of smell, a motivational syndrome
Toluene damages mylein, cranial nerves |
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TOBACCO
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nicotine, higly toxic
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Treatments/immunizations for tobacco addiction
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TA NIC- blocks nictotine
GUM PATCH NASAL SPRAY INHALER |
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Tobacco Excretion
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Depends on Kidney PH
30-40 % in urine |
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Tobacco Distrubution
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Brain->liver kidney salivary glands, stomach
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Liver metablic pathways 4 tobacco
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2 pathways, inactive metabolites cotenine and nictoine 1noxide
smokers metablize faster half life 30 min |
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Neurophysiological effects Tobacco
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Muscarinic
Stiumlates muscarine anticholinergics - atrophine CNS Nicotinic Nicotime= stiumlus curare-inhibits stimulus release DA & NE Cortex, basal ganglia, VTA |
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PNS CNS EFFECTS OF TOBACCO
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PNS-receptor in muscular junctions
paralysis of muscles muscle tremors decrease knee jerk increase HR BP CNS epinerephrine increased respiration vomit center NE, DA |
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Nesbitt Paradox
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Nictoine causes arousal, yet smokers claim they relax
why? holding, alpha waves, nictotine withdrawal releif |
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3 smoker theories 4 use
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1. COnstant Blood- avoid withdrawl s. with low dose, mind in bladder
2. Nicotine Bolus - Smoke one quick breath, reinforcer mesolimbic dompamine system 3. Pyschological Tool- nictoine as a cping tool, manipulates anxiety, stress, levels of arousal |
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Caffiene, Methylxanthines
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Caffeine = strongest
Theophyline= #2 Theobromine = weakest found in choc, tea, guarana, coffee (type bean, brewing, slice, longer time stronger flavor) |
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5 oz= 85 mg caf
Instant = 60 mg Percolate = 85 Drip brew 112 |
coffe drinks caffeine
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Tea chemical conent
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black tea, fermented oxide, 8-91 mg caff
2 xanthines: caffeine 60, theopyline |
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|
Inhalants are??
|
gases that become liquid in pressurized can, volitale, evaporates quickly
|
|
|
Solvents? Toluene? TCE?
|
Used to dissolve grease, Toluene = main solvent, TCE degrease shit
|
|
|
FUELS? Propellants? Nitrites? Anethestics?
|
F-butane, gasoline
P-aerosol, nitrous N- nitrates, poppers A-n2o, clorofom, ether |
|
|
Ether?
|
Good- medicine, fast acting
Bad- convulsions, not used |
|
|
How inhalants administered
|
SNIFFING, HUFFING, BAGGING
|
|
|
How inhalants absorbed?
|
brain + liver
|
|
|
Solvents/anethestics effects?
|
Enhance GABA
ENHANCE GLYCINE Block Glutamate receptor nmda Acute effects- Euphoria, well being, similar drunk Overall CNS depressant Unconditioned to toluene low dose-incease motor high dose- high activity |
|
|
Chronic effects solvents
|
Nosebleed, ulcers, memory loss, cognitive impairement, loss of smell, a motivational syndrome
Toluene damages mylein, cranial nerves |
|
|
TOBACCO
|
nicotine, higly toxic
|
|
|
Treatments/immunizations for tobacco addiction
|
TA NIC- blocks nictotine
GUM PATCH NASAL SPRAY INHALER |
|
|
Tobacco Excretion
|
Depends on Kidney PH
30-40 % in urine |
|
|
Tobacco Distrubution
|
Brain->liver kidney salivary glands, stomach
|
|
|
Liver metablic pathways 4 tobacco
|
2 pathways, inactive metabolites cotenine and nictoine 1noxide
smokers metablize faster half life 30 min |
|
|
Neurophysiological effects Tobacco
|
Muscarinic
Stiumlates muscarine anticholinergics - atrophine CNS Nicotinic Nicotime= stiumlus curare-inhibits stimulus release DA & NE Cortex, basal ganglia, VTA |
|
|
PNS CNS EFFECTS OF TOBACCO
|
PNS-receptor in muscular junctions
paralysis of muscles muscle tremors decrease knee jerk increase HR BP CNS epinerephrine increased respiration vomit center NE, DA |
|
|
Nesbitt Paradox
|
Nictoine causes arousal, yet smokers claim they relax
why? holding, alpha waves, nictotine withdrawal releif |
|
|
3 smoker theories 4 use
|
1. COnstant Blood- avoid withdrawl s. with low dose, mind in bladder
2. Nicotine Bolus - Smoke one quick breath, reinforcer mesolimbic dompamine system 3. Pyschological Tool- nictoine as a cping tool, manipulates anxiety, stress, levels of arousal |
|
|
Caffiene, Methylxanthines
|
Caffeine = strongest
Theophyline= #2 Theobromine = weakest found in choc, tea, guarana, coffee (type bean, brewing, slice, longer time stronger flavor) |
|
|
5 oz= 85 mg caf
Instant = 60 mg Percolate = 85 Drip brew 112 |
coffe drinks caffeine
|
|
|
Tea chemical conent
|
black tea, fermented oxide, 8-91 mg caff
2 xanthines: caffeine 60, theopyline Polyphenol, prevents heart disease, cancer |
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Choc chemicals
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caffeine theobromide
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brain effects of caffeine
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blocks adenosine (inhibitory nt) a1 a2a
adenosine reduces spontaneuus firing of neurons release of epi/catecholine from brain Methylaxine blocks bz receptors chocolate = endocanibinord |
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body effects of caffeine
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striate muscle strength
smooth muscle relax dilate blood vessels brain relax |
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Tolerance caffein?
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chronic, increase adenosine receptors
withdrawal headache, drowsiness, fatigue physical dependance = 600 mgdaily, 6-11 days |
