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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Substances that can induce mania |
-alcohol intoxication -drug withdrawal -antidepressants -amphetamines -CNS stimulants (cocaine, oral decongestants) -dopamine agonists (tx parkinsons) -hallucinogens (LDS, PCP, marijuana) -corticosteroids |
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Bipolar 1 |
patients experience manic episodes, and hearly always hypomanic episodes and major depressive episones |
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Bipolar 2 |
patients experience at least one episode of hypomania and one or more episodes of major depression |
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Manic Episode/Acute Mania |
Symptoms present for at least 1 week
Severe may mimic paranoid schizophrenia |
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Rapid Cycling |
More than 4 manic episodes / year |
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Mild/Moderate manic episodes or hypomania Treatment |
1st line:: risperidone or olanzapine
If fails - try lithium, valproate..... |
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Severe Manic episodes treatment |
treat with lithium or valproate PLUS an antipsychotic |
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1st line maintenance therapy |
lithium |
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2nd line maintenance therapy |
valproate or lamotrigine |
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3rd line maintenance therapy |
-long acting injectable risperidone - aripriprazole - quetiapine - olanzapine |
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Lithium |
First line for bipolar
teratogen
must monitor patient and renal function
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Valproic Acid
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Valproic acid Sodium valproate divalproex sodium |
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Anticonvulsants |
carbamazepine oxcarbazepine lamotrigine |
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Rapid Cycling |
Tx with valproic acid |
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Sleep Phase - Stage 1 |
light sleep, 5% |
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Sleep Phase - Stage 2 |
50-60%; relatively light sleep |
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Sleep Phase - Stage 3 and 4 |
10-20%; deeper sleep |
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REM sleep |
20-25%; rapid eye movement |
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Sleep Aids |
Zolpidem Zaleplon Eszopiclone
Diphenhydramine and Doxylamine
Ramelteon
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Benzodiazepine |
diazepam lorazepam oxazepam alprazolam miadazolam clonazepam temazopam |
