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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of interaction? |
"when the effects of one drug are changed by the presence of another drug, food, drink or by some other environmental chemical agent" |
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Chance of interaction increases with... |
the number of drugs a person is taking |
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Example of a useful interaction? |
ACE inhibitors and diuretics - synergistic interaction to produce hypotensive effect |
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Interactions can cause... |
prevent correct treatment cause harm/discomfort to patients require expensive or inexpensive tests prolong/cause hospital stay death |
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Predisposing factors of interactions? |
Age Intercurrent/co-existing disease Race Genetic polymorphism |
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Possible responses to an interaction? |
a combination of medicines should not be used together - seek an alternative for one or the other the combination can be used together with careful monitoring the combination can be used with a dosage adjustment the combination can be used with an appropriate adjustment to dosage/administration instructions |
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Pharmacokinetic interactions? |
absorption drug displacement (protein binding) drug metabolism (induction/inhibition) changes in excretion |
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Pharmacodynamic interactions? |
Additive/synergistic interactions and combined toxicity antagonistic/opposing interactions changes in drug transport changes in fluid/electrolyte balances |
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Interactions most likely to occur when? |
the interacting drug is introduced or stopped the effects of an interaction will not always appear immediately. eg. enzyme inducers take 1-3 weeks until maximum effect |
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Common interaction causing drugs? |
drugs with a narrow therapeutic margin eg warfarin, digoxin, antiplatelets drugs which require careful dosage control eg hypertensives, antidiabetic drugs enzyme inducers eg rifampicin, barbituates enzyme inhibitors eg ciprofloxacin, erythromycin |
