Drug Class - Antipsychotics

Front 1

Name 2 groups of antipsychotics?

Back 1

phenothiazines
miscellaneous

Front 2

Name 5 phenothiazines?

Back 2

chlorpromazine
Largactil, Thorazine

fluphenazine decanoate
{Modecate}, {Modecate Concentrate}, Prolixin Decanoate

fluphenazine enanthate
{Moditen Enanthate}, Prolixin Enanthate

fluphenazine hydrochloride
{Apo-Fluphenazine}, {Moditen Hcl}, {Moditen HCl-HP}, Permitil, Prolixin

prochlorperazine
Compazine, {Stemetil}, Ultrazine

thioridazine
{Apo-Thioridazine}, Mellaril, Mellaril-S, {Novo-Ridazine}, {PMS Thioridazine}

trifluoperazine
Eskazinyl, Eskazine, Jatroneural, Modalina, Stelazine, Terfluzine

Front 3

Name 7 miscellaneous antipsychotics?

Back 3

aripiprazole Abilify

clozapine Clozaril

haloperidol {Apo-Haloperidol}, Haldol, Haldol Decanoate, {Haldol LA}, {Novo-Peridol}, {Peridol}, {PMS Haloperidol}

olanzapine
Zyprexa, Zyprexa, Zydis

quetiapine
Seroquel

risperidone
Risperdal, Risperdal M-TAB

ziprasidone
Geodon

Front 4

Antipsychotics are used in the treatment of acute and chronic ______, particularly when accompanied by increased psychomotor activity.

Back 4

psychoses

Front 5

Use of _____ is limited to schizophrenia unresponsive to conventional therapy.

Back 5

clozapine

Front 6

Selected antipsychotics are also used as ______ or _____.

Back 6

antihistamines
antiemetics

Front 7

_______ is an agent used in the treatment of intractable hiccups.

Back 7

Chlorpromazine

Front 8

What neurotransmitter do antipsychotics block and alter release and turnover of?

Back 8

blocks dopamine receptors in the brain; also alters dopamine release and turnover

Front 9

What are the peripheral effects of antipsychotics? (2)

Back 9

anticholinergic
alpha-adrenergic blockade

Front 10

Phenothiazines differ in the their ability to produce?

Back 10

sedation

Front 11

Sedation effects are greatest with with which 2 phenothiazine agents?

Back 11

chlorpromazine
thioridazine

Front 12

Extrapyramidal reactions are greatest with which 2 phenothiazine agents?

Back 12

prochlorperazine
trifluoperazine

Front 13

Anticholinergic effects are greatest with which phenothiazine?

Back 13

chlorpromazine

Front 14

Contraindications for antipsychotics include? (3)

Back 14

hypersensitivity
cross-sensitivity may exist
between phenothiazines
don't mix with phenothiazines
don't mix with CNS
depressants

Front 15

Use cautiously in?

Back 15

pregnancy
lactation
symptomatic cardiac disease
severely ill
debilitated
diabetic
respiratory insufficiency
prostatic hypertrophy
intestinal obstruction
may lower seizure threshold

Front 16

Clozapine may cause ______.

Back 16

agranulocytosis

Front 17

Most antipsychotics are capable of causing?

Back 17

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Front 18

Antipsychotics should not be used routinely for anxiety or agitation NOT related to _____.

Back 18

psychoses

Front 19

Combining antipsychotics with alcohol, antihypertensives, or nitrates may have an additive ______ effect.

Back 19

hypotension

Front 20

Antipsychotics combined with ____ may decrease absorption.

Back 20

antacids

Front 21

Antipsychotics combined with phenobarbital may ______ metabolism and _______ effectiveness.

Back 21

increase

decrease

Front 22

Antipsychotics combined with other CNS depressants may cause additive CNS depression. Other CNS depressants include?

Back 22

alcohol
antihistamines
antidepressants
opioid analgesics
sedative/hypnotics

Front 23

Lithium may decrease ____ levels of antipsychotics and effectiveness of phenothiazines.

Back 23

blood

Front 24

Antipsychotics may (decrease, increase) the therapeutic response to
levodopa.

Back 24

decrease

Front 25

Antipsychotics may (increase, decrease) the risk of agranulocytosis with antithyroid agents.

Back 25

increase

Front 26

Assess patient's mental status (3 things) before and periodically throughout therapy.

Back 26

orientation
mood
behavior

Front 27

Monitor 3 things before and frequently during the period of dosage adjustment for antipsychotics.

Back 27

blood pressure (sitting,
standing, lying)
pulse
respiratory rate

Front 28

Observe patient carefully when administering medication to ensure medication is actually taken and not _______.

Back 28

hoarded

Front 29

Monitor patient for onset of ________ which is defined as restlessness or desire to keep moving.

Back 29

akathisia

Front 30

Monitor patient for ________ which is defined as difficulty speaking or swallowing, loss of balance control, pill rolling, mask-like face, shuffling gait, rigidity, and tremors.

Back 30

parkinsonian

Front 31

Monitor patient on antipsychotics for _____
which is defined as muscle spasms, twisting motions, twitching, inability to move eyes, weakness of arms or legs.

Back 31

dystonia

Front 32

Monitor patient taking antipsychotics for dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonian every ___ months during therapy and _____ weeks after therapy has been discontinued.

Back 32

2

8-12

Front 33

Dystonia is most common in which age group?

Back 33

younger

Front 34

Parkinsonian effects are more common in which age group?

Back 34

geriatric

Front 35

Notify _____ if dystonia, akithisia, or parkinsonian effects occur, as reduction in dosage or discontinuation of medication may be necessary.

Back 35

hcp

Front 36

What 2 agents may be used to control dystonia, parkinsonian, and akathisia effects?

Back 36

trihexyphenidyl
diphenhydramine

Front 37

Monitor for ____ _____ which is defined as uncontrolled rhythmic movement of mouth, face, and extremities; lip smacking or puckering; puffing of cheeks; uncontrolled chewing; rapid or worm-like movements of tongue.

Back 37

tardive dyskinesia

Front 38

Notify hcp immediately if tardive dyskinesia effects are seen as these side effects may be _____.

Back 38

irreversible

Front 39

Monitor for _____ _____ syndrome which is defined as fever, respiratory distress, tachycardia, convulsions, diaphoresis, hypertension or hypotension, pallor, tiredness, severe muscle stiffness, loss of bladder control. Notify hcp immediately if these symptoms occur.

Back 39

neuroleptic malignant

Front 40

Potential nursing diagnoses?
(3)

Back 40

Thought processes, disturbed
Knowledge, deficient, related
to disease processes and
medication regimen
Noncompliance

Front 41

Keep patient _______ for at least _____ minutes following parenteral administration to minimize hypotensive effects.

Back 41

recumbent

30

Front 42

To prevent contact _____, avoid getting solution on hands.

Back 42

dermatitis

Front 43

Phenothiazines should be discontinued ___ hours before and not resumed for 24 hours following myelography, as they lower the _____ threshold.

Back 43

48

seizure

Front 44

With PO antipsychotics, administer with food, milk, or a full glass of water to minimize _____ irritation.

Back 44

gastric

Front 45

Dilute most concentrates in ____ ml of distilled or acidified tap water or fruit juice just before administration.

Back 45

120

Front 46

Advise patient to take medication exactly as directed and not to skip doses or double up on missed doses. Abrupt withdrawal may lead to? (7)

Back 46

gastritis
nausea
vomiting
dizziness
headache
tachycardia
insomnia

Front 47

Advise patient to make position changes slowly to minimize ____ _____.

Back 47

orthostatic hypotension

Front 48

Medication may cause _____. Caution paptient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to the medication is known.

Back 48

drowsiness

Front 49

Caution patient to avoid taking _____ or other CNS depressants concurrently with this medication.

Back 49

alcohol

Front 50

Advise patient to use _____ and protective clothing when exposed to the sun to prevent ______ reactions. Extremes of temperature should also be avoided, as these drugs impair body temperature regulation.

Back 50

sunscreen
photosensitivity

Front 51

Advise patient that increasing activity, bulk, and fluids in the diet helps minimize the _______ effects of this medication.

Back 51

constipating

Front 52

Instruct patient to use frequent mouth rinses, good oral hygiene, and sugarless gum or candy to minimize dry mouth.

Back 52

okay

Front 53

Advise patient to notify hcp of medication regimen before treatment or _____.

Back 53

surgery

Front 54

Emphasize the importance of routine follow-up exams and continued participation in psychotherapy as indicated.

Back 54

okay

Front 55

Effectiveness of therapy can be demonstrated by ______ in excitable, paranoic, or withdrawn behavior. Relief of nausea and vomiting. Relief of intractable _____.

Back 55

decrease

hiccups