Drug/ Alcohol Test Vocab Review

Front 1

Drug

Back 1

Any chemical taken to alter the structure or function of the body or mind.

Front 2

Prescription Drugs

Back 2

Drugs prescribed by a doctor with the intent of medicinal use for healthcare.

Front 3

OTC

Back 3

"Over the counter" drugs that can be bought without prescriptions.

Front 4

Medicine

Back 4

Any drug taken to fight/ prevent disease.

Front 5

Antagonistic Reaction

Back 5

Reaction occurring between two pharmaceuticals in which they both become ineffective.

Front 6

Additive Reaction

Back 6

Reaction occurring between two pharmaceuticals in which the effect of one is increased.

Front 7

Synergistic Reaction

Back 7

Reaction occurring between two pharmaceuticals in which the effect of one is multiplied.

Front 8

Physical Dependence

Back 8

Dependency characterized by need to consume the drug to maintain homeostasis and avoid symptoms of withdrawal.

Front 9

Psychological Dependence

Back 9

Dependency characterized by perception of the need to consume the drug to avoid psychological symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Front 10

Withdrawal

Back 10

An unpleasant syndrome following abrupt discontinuation of drug use.

Front 11

Tolerance

Back 11

The capacity of the body to endure or become less responsive to a substance (as a drug) or a physiological insult especially with repeated use or exposure.

Front 12

Drug Abuse

Back 12

Continued use of a drug for reasons other than health maintenance or wellness even when its use causes social, interpersonal, and legal problems.

Front 13

Drug Misuse

Back 13

Making in error in drug usage while having the intention to use it for health reasons.

Front 14

Mainlining

Back 14

A method of injection that involves shooting the drug directly into the blood stream. This causes the fastest and most intense high.

Front 15

Popping

Back 15

Subcutaneous (below skin) injection of the drug that induces a long-lasting high.

Front 16

SSDS

Back 16

Sudden sniffing death syndrome. Symptom of huffing or inhalant usage that occurs particularly with abuse of air conditioning, coolant, butane, propane, and the chemicals in some aerosol products. Caused by sudden rapid heart rate and then cardiac arrest.

Front 17

Carcinogen

Back 17

Cancer-causing agent.

Front 18

Transdermal

Back 18

Method of drug delivery in which the drug diffuses through the skin with a patch or other topical delivery system.

Front 19

Cutting a Drug

Back 19

Lacing a drug or adding substances to it, possibly to cause faster dependence.

Front 20

Gateway Drug

Back 20

A group of drugs, including tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana, that are often the first drugs people try and then lead to use and abuse of other more potent drugs.

Front 21

Reverse Tolerance

Back 21

Occurs when a heavy drinker develops liver damage and the liver no longer produces as great a quantity of the enzymes needed to break down alcohol. These people can get very intoxicated on small quantities of alcohol--much smaller quantities than are needed to affect the person who rarely drinks and addiction returns very quickly.

Front 22

Alcoholism

Back 22

A chronic disorder marked by excessive and usually compulsive drinking of alcohol leading to psychological and physical dependence or addiction.

Front 23

COA

Back 23

Children of alcoholics.

Front 24

FAS

Back 24

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome occurring in the children of mothers that drank heavily during pregnancy. Its symptoms include fetal death, abnormal facial features, growth problems, and central nervous system problems with learning, memory, attention span, communication, vision, or hearing.

Front 25

DWAI

Back 25

Driving while ability impaired by alcohol and other drugs; designated by a BAC of .05.

Front 26

DWI

Back 26

Driving while intoxicated because of alcohol and other drugs; designated by a BAC of .08.

Front 27

Zero Tolerance

Back 27

A law that applies to people under 21 in New York state who operate a motor vehicle with a BAC of .02% or more. This allows minors to be subject to a breathalyzer test and potentially charged with DWAI or DWI.

Front 28

BAC

Back 28

Blood alcohol concentration; a measurement of how much alcohol you have consumed.

Front 29

Alcohol Poisoning

Back 29

Extreme depression of nerves caused by consumption of a high dose of alcohol, causing symptoms of mental confusion, stupor, coma, vomiting, seizures, slow breathing, hypothermia, low blood sugar, dehydration, brain damage, and cardiac arrest.

Front 30

Fermentation

Back 30

The process by which yeast produces ethanol (alcohol) from sugar. Makes lower-proof alcoholic beverages like beer and wine.

Front 31

Distillation

Back 31

The process by which fermented liquid is heated to a vapor and then cooled back down to a liquid with a higher level of alcohol. Makes strong liquors such as vodka.

Front 32

Steroid

Back 32

Steroids are the same as, or similar to, certain hormones in the body. The body produces steroids naturally to support such functions as fighting stress and promoting growth and development. They are used to improve appearance or athletic performance but can cause development of the characteristics of opposite sex, stunted growth, intense emotional disturbance, and disruption of sexual development.

Front 33

Narcotic

Back 33

Narcotics are substances that are used to dull senses and relieve pain by binding to opiate receptors. These include opiates like heroin, opium, oxycontin, vicodin, and methodone.

Front 34

Depressant

Back 34

Depressants are substances that relax muscles by slowing down the heart, metabolism, and nervous system. These include alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, sedatives, and Benzodiazepine.

Front 35

Stimulant

Back 35

Stimulants are substances that speed up the body and brain, causing a feeling of high energy and sensory sensitivity. These include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, Aderol, Ritalin, and Concerta.

Front 36

Inhalant

Back 36

Inhalants are substances that are sniffed or "huffed" to give the user an immediate rush of drunkenness, sleepiness, staggering, dizziness, and confusion. These include electronic cleaning products, art supplies, cleaning fluids, and gasoline.

Front 37

Psychedelic

Back 37

Psychedelics are substances that alter mood and perception of sensory reality by blocking neurotransmitter uptake in the brain. These include LSD, PCP, peyote, mescaline, and mushrooms.

Front 38

Cannabinoid

Back 38

Cannabinoids are substances that produce a high, apathy, lowered anxiety, paranoia, loss of coordination, confusion, mood changes, and amotivational syndrome due to an active ingredient called THC that binds to receptors in the brain associated with feeling hungry. These substances include marijuana and hashish.

Front 39

Date Rape Drug

Back 39

Colorless, tasteless drugs that metabolize quickly to induce a rapid depressant response. They are often used to make people vulnerable to attack and rape because they lead to blackouts.

Front 40

Flashback

Back 40

Memory of a high accompanied by headaches and a temporary return to hallucination.