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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain what polymyxins are used for?
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They are large polypeptides with polar groups and hydrophobic environments and act as cationic detergents that react with phospholipid groups on cell membranes. this disorganizes cell membranes of bacterial cells
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What do amphotericin B and nystatin do?
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analogous actions on fungal cells
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What are the agents that affect the synthesis of bacterial cell
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aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, chlorophenicol
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What affects folic acid synthesis?
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sulfanomides
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What affects tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis?
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trimethoprim &methotrexate
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What did S. aureus produce to resist penicillin?
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penicillinase
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What is the method of antibiotic resistance?
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Through Resistance plasmids. They allow for bacterial
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What are examples of products of genes on R-plasmids?
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1. products produced in the cell wall that interfere with transport system or block pores
2. enzymes that modify site of drug action that it no longer binds antibiotcs 3. enzymes that destroy antibiotcs 4. subsitute enzymes resistant to antibiotic 5. active transport systems that remove antibiotic from bacterium |
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How is antibiotic resistance disseminated?
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1. Conjugation- plasmids pocess sex-factor activity needed for conjugation
2. Transduction- transfer by bacteriophage vector- limited to small plasmids that can fit in a bacteriophage chromosome 3. Transformation- direct DNA transfer to recipient host cells Transposition- gene hopping among plasmids and chromosomes |
