Dr. Carters Anatomy Class The Ans

Front 1

What is the autonomic system also known as?

Back 1

Visceral motor system

Front 2

What does the ANS control?

Back 2

Automatic, involuntary functions

Front 3

The ANS is organized into what 2 divisions?

Back 3

Parasympathetic division and the Sympathetic division

Front 4

Tell me mr. anatomy guy, What does the parasympathetic division do?

Back 4

It maintains homeostasis (a stable physiological state)

Front 5

Tell me more about the sympathetic system

Back 5

It prepares for stressful situations (fight or flight)

Front 6

The ANS is composed of motor neurons which innervate what?

Back 6

1. Cardiac muscle
2. smooth muscles in most hollow organs
3. Glands (both endocrine and exocrine)

Front 7

The first motor neuron has its nerve cell body in the CNS-it is known as what?

Back 7

A preganglionic neuron

Front 8

The second motor neuron has its nerve cell body in a ganlion in what?

Back 8

The PNS and is known as a postganglionic neuron

Front 9

The sympathetic division is also known as what?

Back 9

the Thoracolumbar outflow

Front 10

Where does the sympathetic division originate from?

Back 10

Originates in the spinal cord levels T1-L2

Front 11

Preganglionic nerve cell bodies are located where?

Back 11

in the intermediolateral cell column

Front 12

Preganglionic nerve fibers exit the CNS via ventral spinal nerve roots to enter what?

Back 12

Enter spinal nerves T1-L2

Front 13

Preganglionic nerve fibers pass through the white communicating rami where?

Back 13

Associated with spinal nerves T1-L2 and contains 14 pairs

Front 14

Preganglionic nerve fibers enter the sympathetic chain ganglion to what?

Back 14

1. Synapse with postganglionic neurons at the same level
2. Ascend to a higher level or descend to a lower level to synapse
3. Continue on to a collateral ganglion in the abdominal or pelvic cavity before synapsing

Front 15

Sympathetic Chain ganglion are where and do what?

Back 15

1. Are bilateral structures located adjacent to the vertebral column
2. Extend vertically from the base of the skull to the coccyx
3. Are connected to spinal nerves

Front 16

The sympathetic chain ganglion is connected to spinal nerves by what?

Back 16

1. White communicating rami-14 pairs (preganglionic) associated with spinal nerves T1-L2
2. Gray communicating rami-31 pairs (postganglionic) associated with all spinal nerves

Front 17

What are the components of the visceral reflex arc?

Back 17

1. Sensory neuron
2. Connecting neuron in the spinal cord
3. Two motor neurons

Front 18

What are the sensory neurons in the visceral reflex arc classified as?

Back 18

General visceral afferent (GVA)

Front 19

What are the two motor neurons in the Visceral reflex arc classified as?

Back 19

general visceral efferent (GVE) including preganglionic and postglanglionic

Front 20

The Parasympathetic division is known as?

Back 20

Craniosacral outflow

Front 21

The cranial portion originates where?

Back 21

Brain stem

Front 22

Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons originate where?

Back 22

Originate in brain stem motor nuclei associated with CN III, VII, IX, X

Front 23

Preganglionic nerve fibers are distributed where?

Back 23

to the cranial region in conjuction with four parasympathetic ganglia associated with CN III, VII, (two ganglia) and IX

Front 24

Preganglionic nerve fibers are also distributed where?

Back 24

to the thoracic and abdominal viscera via CN X. These fibers synapse in the walls of target organs

Front 25

Short ganglionic fibers are contained where?

Back 25

entirely within the walls of the target organs

Front 26

The sacral portion originates where?

Back 26

spinal cord levels S2-S4

Front 27

Preganglionic nerve fibers exit the CNS via what?

Back 27

Ventral spinal nerve roots of S2-S4, to enter the pelvic splanchnic nerves (nervi erigentes)

Front 28

Pelvic splanchnic nerves are distributed where?

Back 28

to the pelvic viscera and external genitalia

Front 29

Preganglionic fibers synapse where?

Back 29

in the walls of the target organs with short postganglionic neurons

Front 30

The postganglionic neurons are contained entirely where?

Back 30

Within the walls of the target organs

Front 31

What are neurotransmitters?

Back 31

chemicals that release at synapses between pre- and postganglionic neurons and between postganglionic neurons and effector organs

Front 32

What neurotransmitter is released in the parasympathetic?

Back 32

Preganglionic-Acetylcholine
Post-ganglionic-Acetylcholine

Front 33

What neurotransmitter is released in the sympathetic?

Back 33

Preganglionic-Acetycholine
Postganglionic-Norepinephrine

Front 34

What neurotransmitter is released in the sympathetic (sweat glands)?

Back 34

Pre-ganglionic-Acetylcholine
Post-ganglionic-Acetylcholine

Front 35

What neurotransmitter is released in the sympathetic (suprarenal medulla-secretes epinephrine into the blood stream)?

Back 35

Acetycholine in the preganglionic

Front 36

What cranial nerves are located in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 36

Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X

Front 37

What does the ANS innervate?

Back 37

Smooth muscles
Glands
Cardiac muscle and
erector pili
sweat glands
arteries and arterioles

Front 38

Smooth muscles are found in what?

Back 38

organs such as intestines

Front 39

The sympathetic nervous system is aka?

Back 39

Fight or flight

Front 40

What is an autonomic ganglion?

Back 40

A cluster of nerve cell bodies in the brain cell

Front 41

Option number 2 of the visceral reflex arc goes where?

Back 41

To a higher level

Front 42

Option number 1 of the visceral reflex arc goes where?

Back 42

To the same spinal level

Front 43

What does visceral tell you?

Back 43

That it has to do with the autonomic nervous system

Front 44

What is GVE?

Back 44

general visceral efferent

Front 45

What is option number 3?

Back 45

pre-ganglionic nerve synapses at a lower level

Front 46

Those preganglionic nerves that go up to a higher level must come from what?

Back 46

T1-T4

Front 47

Options 1, 2, and 3 have to do with what?

Back 47

Spinal nerves

Front 48

Option number 4 goes where?

Back 48

Body cavity

Front 49

Where does option number 4 go to?

Back 49

Pre-ganglionic-collateral ganglia

Front 50

The splanchic nerve does what?

Back 50

Connects chain ganglion with a collateral ganglia

Front 51

The post-ganglionic symp. neuron of option 4 goes where?

Back 51

To a hollow organ

Front 52

GVA synapses with what?

Back 52

A communicating neuron

Front 53

How many neurons does it take to make up a visceral reflex arc?

Back 53

4
Pre-glangionic
Post-ganglionic
GVA
GVE

Front 54

ANS is purely what?

Back 54

A motor neuron system
NO AFFERENT OR SENSORY NEURONS!!!!!