Doneap2Spinal And Epidural Anesthesia From Text

Front 1

Spinal anesthesia is produced by the injection of ____into the ______

Back 1

spinal anesthesia produced by injection of local into the lumbar subarachnoid space

Front 2

Epidural anesthesia produced by injection of local anesthetic into _____a, most often at ____level

Back 2

anesthetic at epidural space, most often at lumbar level

Front 3

Caudal anesthesia results when local placed in ____space through _____ _____

Back 3

epidural, sacral hiatus

Front 4

which takes less to perfform, less discomfort during placement and produces more intense sensory motor anest?

Back 4

spinal

Front 5

advantages of epidural vs spinal

Back 5

dec risk of postdural puncture headache, lwr risk of hypotenn epi used,indwelling catheter, post op analgesia

Front 6

t or F: regional anesthesia produces minimal skeletal relaxation w/out nmb

Back 6

F

Front 7

maximum kyphosis is

Back 7

T 6

Front 8

Spinal cord ends at and dura mater extends to

Back 8

L1-L2; dura mataer to S2

Front 9

Which are posterior, pedicles or laminas?

Back 9

lamina

Front 10

In lumbar region, spinous proc nearly-_______ such that needles be directed at

Back 10

right angls t

Front 11

T or F: Regional anesthesia provides muscle relaxation without nmb

Back 11

T

Front 12

The laminae of the verteabrae are connected by

Back 12

ligamentum flavum

Front 13

the supraspinous ligament connects the

Back 13

spinous processes

Front 14

The vertebral body consists of 2 pedicles_____ and 2 laminae posteriorly

Back 14

pedicles anteriorly, laminae posteriorly

Front 15

The spinal cord ends at

Back 15

L1, L2

Front 16

maximum thoracic kyphosis is at

Back 16

T6

Front 17

Dura m,atter extends to

Back 17

S2

Front 18

where do the spinal nerves extit the subarachnoid space?

Back 18

intervertebral foramina

Front 19

Coverings of the spinal cord

Back 19

pia mater, arachnoid matter, dura mater

Front 20

the lower lumbar and sacral nerves are called the

Back 20

caudal equina

Front 21

which covering is adherent to the spinal cord and nerves?

Back 21

pia mater

Front 22

The space between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater contains_____and is known as the ______

Back 22

cerebrospinal fluid and is known as the subarachnoid space

Front 23

Epidural potential space is normally filled with

Back 23

adipose and connective tissue

Front 24

Spinal anesthesia follows placement of local anesthetics into tthe ______, most often the _____level

Back 24

subarachnoid space, lumbar level

Front 25

Name local anesthetics used for spinal anesthesia

Back 25

lidocaine, tetracaine, bubivicaine, ropivicaine

Front 26

principal landmarks for spinal are

Back 26

spinuos processes and illiac crests

Front 27

The line drawn between the iliac crests usu crosses the

Back 27

4th lumbar vertebrae

Front 28

common spaces of spinal needle are space between

Back 28

L3/L4 and L4/L5

Hint 28

remember spinal cord ends at L1

Front 29

Pencil point needs

Back 29

more force that beveled but allow for tactile feedback of various tissues encountered as needle is advanced

Front 30

A distinct pop is felt by the anesthesiologists finger as the needle passes through the

Back 30

dura mater

Front 31

How is subarachnoid placement of the needle confirmed in a spinal

Back 31

appearance of cerebrospinal fluid at the hub of the needle

Front 32

how do you confirm subarachnoid placement?

Back 32

aspirate a small amt of cerebral spinal fluid into syringe, then inject local over 3-5 sec

Front 33

which local is usesful for short duration surgical and obstrectic procedures?

Back 33

lidocaine

Front 34

which local commonaly used for long abdomonical surgery lasting abt 5 hrs

Back 34

tetracaine

Front 35

which locals used for lower extremity, vascular, and orthopaedic operations lasting up to 5hrs

Back 35

bubivicaine and robivicaine

Front 36

how do you make a sln hyperbaric?

Back 36

add glucose (dextrose)

Front 37

how do you prepare hypobaric solutions?

Back 37

adding 6-8 ml of sterile water to local

Front 38

why create hyperbaric slns?

Back 38

easier to control spread of slns b/c they gravitate to the most dependent aspect of the subarachnoid space

Front 39

In supine positions, the yperbaric solutions gravitate to

Back 39

throacic kyphosis (T6)

Front 40

in sitting position hyperbaric solution will create

Back 40

saddle block anesthesia good for spinal anesthesia

Front 41

Which sensory levels/local are used for hemorrhoidectomy?

Back 41

S2-S5, lidocaine 30-50mg

Front 42

What sensory levels/local needed for foot surgery

Back 42

L2-L3 (knee); tetracaine, bubivicaine, ropivacaine 6mg

Front 43

Lower extrememity surgeries require which which block/local?

Back 43

L1 (inguinal ligament), tetracaine, bubivicaine, ropivicaine 6mg

Front 44

Hip surgery, transurethral resection of prostrate, vaginal delivery requires block of which sensory level/ocal?

Back 44

T10 (umbilicus); lidocaine 50-75mg; tetracaine, bubivacine or robivacaine 6-8 mg.

Front 45

Lower ab surgery requires block of which sensory level/local

Back 45

T6-T-7 (xyphoid process); lidocaine 75-100mg

Front 46

Upper abdominal surgery, C section requires block of which sensory area/local?

Back 46

T4 (nipple); tetracaine, bubivicaine, or ropivacaine 12-16mg