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185 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Injustice
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Falsely accused
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Justice
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Fairness
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Substantive Justice
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Deserving concrete thing
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Procedural Justice
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Ability to be heard
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Equal Protection
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Right to an attorney
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Ethical Likeness
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Everyone equal under the law
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Social Contract
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abstract agreement between the people and government on social policies
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habeas corpus
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proper punishment
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liberalism
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limit on government power
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isaiah berlin
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negative and positive liberty
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negative liberty
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freedom from
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positive liberty
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freedom for
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exodus 21
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equal punishment
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matthew 5
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forgiveness v. fairness
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Job 1
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righteous person loves god regardless
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thucydides
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might makes right
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old testament
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eye for an eye
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new testament
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trust in god
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divine law
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commandment of god
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natural law
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transcending law
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positive law
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internal logic
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Birmingham Jail
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Procedural Justice
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Thomas Aquinas
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humans created in the image of god
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pacifism
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passiveness
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Great Chain of Being
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Natural order of things
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Divine Right
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King above everyone else
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Absolute monarch
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king chosen by god
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Leviathan (1651)
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Hobbes' treatise for the commonwealth of ppl
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Enlightenment
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Reason over God's law
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State of Nature
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Locke's belief that all individuals are granted eternal freedom and equality
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Property
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one's belongings obtained thru labor
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original sin
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all humans are sinners
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theory of progress
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cultivate world to generate more wealth
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sovereign
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king
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rule of reason
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violators of law are punished according to the extent of their violation
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labor theory of value
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sufficient common for everyone to utilize
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labor
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creates property
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Adam Smith
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Work on the world in order to expand it
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Spoilage
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limits
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Rule of propriety
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use of money. changes spoilage
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consent
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Locke's idea that there is a need for gov't to protect property
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liberalism
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Locke's belief of limit on gov't power
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legitimacy
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order & law justified by reason as opposed to god
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popular sovereignty
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limit on gov't power to protect property
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state legislatures
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seen to occupy too much power and undermining property
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federalists
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first generation thinkers in support of constitution. fed power
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anti federalists
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those who exercised ambition and opposed constitution. state power & instilled bill of rights
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ambition
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too much freedom that it undermines property
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separation of powers
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created to distribute gov't power equally
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articles of confederation
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agreement amongst 13 founding states
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Federalist 10
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state legislature too democratic and threatening property
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natural aristocracy (cultivated gentlemen)
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merchants that powered the Revolution and mainly federalists who feared ambition of legislature
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faction
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group sharing a common interest
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direct democracy
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people's direct opinion on state policy
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representative democracy
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people represented by those elected
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republican
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large republic which can alleviate problem of factions
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anti-federalists
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instilled bill of rights
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federalists 78
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judiciary as weakest branch
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fundamental law
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social contract serving long term interests of people
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judicial review
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legislative & executive actions subjected to review
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gregorio cortez
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no longer "might makes right" but who has the better argument
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protestant reformation
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challenge of church ideals. individual can preach God w/o church
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Calvinism
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reinvesting hard work for a prosperous salvation
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declaration of independence
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rules that the sovereign has to abide by
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republicanism
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separation of power and checks and balances
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tocqueville
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striving for equality comes w/ danger and also undermines liberty
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centralized administration
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state power influenced by federal policies
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nanny state
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states relying too much on gov't
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decentralized administration
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local exercising of policies allowing for liberty and freedom
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john schaar
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nationalism and patriotism
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nationalism
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based on ideas of blood, race and contempt
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patriotism of places
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pride rooted in places
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venerate
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schaar says its difficult to do this b/c we are selling it
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covenant
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unity based upon spiritual and sacred means
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patriotism
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based upon covenant ideals
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social tyranny
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tocqueville's idea that majorities can be coercive
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john stuart mill
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social and official tyranny
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official tyranny
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tyranny exercised through law
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public opinion
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common sense that decides the direction of society
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despotism
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dictatorship created by majority rule
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federalism
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administrative decentralization
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supremacy clause
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federal law overrides state law when they are conflicting
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94 Federal District Courts
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inferior courts that receives the litigation
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13 Federal Courts of Appeal
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circuit courts that deal w/ appeal. sent to supreme court if this is lost
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common law
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rule imposed as a law for everyone after judge's ruling
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precedent
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common law followed by all other judges
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complaint
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lawsuit
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plaintiff
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person bringing complaint
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defendant
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person being sued
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intervenor
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file brief for a case
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Police power
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state power to enforce laws
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Due Process (14th amend)
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all citizens of state guaranteed liberty and justice
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secular regulation
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legislation is invalid if it does not serve legitimate, nonreligious governmental ends
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judicial restrain
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judges retaining personal beliefs in deciding court cases
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Clear & Present Danger
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no harming of other individuals
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judicial activism
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judges not interfering w/ policies of local gov't
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rational basis
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gov't law or policy that must be presented by reason
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Levels of Scrutiny
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judging based on race
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Geoffrey Hodgson
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liberal consensus
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Franklin Roosevelt
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New deal president during Great Depression
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New Deal
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safety net
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Laissez - Faire
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economy w/ minimal government intervention
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WWII
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savior to depression
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Liberal Consensus
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confidence in capitalism post WWII
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isolationism
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isolation from foreign affairs
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truman doctrine
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containment
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containment
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containing Communism
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McCarthyism
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communism crusade
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HUAC
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hearings that test for Communism affiliation
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Blacklist
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list of suspected Communists
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Hollywood 10
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10 actors & producers called up before HUAC
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End of Slavery Importation (1808)
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slavery continued
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The Great Betrayal
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failure of Constitution to address slavery
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3/5th Rule
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slave vote count as 3/5th
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fugitive slave
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runaway slaves
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freeholder
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small independent farmer
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Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857
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slaves imported had no rights b/c they are not citizens
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Minersville School District v. Gobitis 1940
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mandatory flag salute
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West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette 1943
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reverse precedent on flag salute
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Lincoln's debate
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founding fathers set out to abolish it. all slavery or no slavery. no half-half
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Douglas' debate
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popular sovereignty
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Missouri Compromise
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both slave and free state
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compromise of 1850
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CA as free state while other states were slave states
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Democratic Party
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pro slavery & popular sovereignty
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Reconstruction
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south constructed w/ aid of African Americans post war
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14th amendment
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due process of law
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jim crow
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legal segregation
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plessy v ferguson 1896
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separate but equal. violate 13th & 14th amendment
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public accommodation
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policies enforced on society
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badge of slavery
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closely related to slavery
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intrastate commerce
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laws within states
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interstate commerce
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laws between states
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prevent blacks from voting
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poll tax, literacy tests
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Terrorism
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lynchings in south to enforce jim crow
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Uncle Tom
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loyal blackman
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emmitt till
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murdered based on suspicion
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eugenics
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gene pool mixing based on selection
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tuskegee experiment
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falsely informed group of blacks that their syphilis was being treated
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WWII South
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blacks began to assert themselves
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solid south
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democratic south w/ power due to inability of slave voting
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brown v. board 1954
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separate but unequal
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naacp
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brought case of brown v board
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thurgood marshall
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brought case against separate but equal for students in school
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Westminister v Mendez 1946
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segregation of latino students
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stigmatic injury
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feeling of inferiority invoked by segregation
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kenneth clark
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white vs black doll
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SNCC
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nonviolent student activists that become violent. excluded white people
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SCLC
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nonviolence & civil disobedience rooted in black church
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Little Rock 9
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black students accompanied by soldiers & prevented from entering campus
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Black nationalism
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black pride
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malcolm x
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by any means necessary
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de facto
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segregation to prevent violence
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de jure
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treatment based on word of law
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John Maynard Keynes
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investment based on people's demands
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fiscal policy
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taxation to reduce inflation
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monetary policy
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gov't influence on business cycle
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consumption demand
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demand of society
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Keynesian
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safety net & workers union
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foreign policy
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vietnam war
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great society
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era when president johnson pushed for social equality for blacks
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war on poverty
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johnson's attempt to move equality along
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John Maynard Keynes
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investment based on people's demands
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fiscal policy
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taxation to reduce inflation
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monetary policy
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gov't influence on business cycle
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consumption demand
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demand of society
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Keynesian
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safety net & workers union
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foreign policy
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vietnam war
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civil rights act (1964)
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law prohibiting discrimination
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great society
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era when president johnson pushed for social equality for blacks
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voting rights act 1965
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law allowing blacks to vote
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war on poverty
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johnson's attempt to move equality along
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reason why civil rights movement was hindered
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vietnam war spending
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affirmative action
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favored minority groups to jumpstart equality
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reversal racism
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whites not given equal racism b/c of affirmative action
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draft 1960s
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led to student protests
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New Left
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liberals questioning war
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military industrial complex
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relation btwn school and army
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Clark Kerr
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UC Regents president who tried to supported free speech but did not do much.
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Mario Savio
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students treated like raw material or machines. disagree w/ liberal consensus
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Hodgson on Protestantism
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living in present rather than future
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counterculture
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anti-protestantism
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O'Brien
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17 yr old burn draft to show disapproval of draft
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Military Service act
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Amended to prevent people from burning draft cards
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symbolic speech
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based on conduct
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nonspeech
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can be regulated by gov't
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