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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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protein
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a poly peptide chain of amino acids
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3 kinds of RNA
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mRNA
rRNA tRNA |
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transcription
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DNA makes messenger RNA
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ribosome
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organelle that makes proteins
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translation
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the process in which tRNA picks up amino acids brings them back to the rRNA to be joined into a protein
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codon
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3 nitrogen bases on mRNA that code for 1 amino acid
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mRNA
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carries the codon
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tRNA
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picks up amino acids to be carried back to the ribosome
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DNA base pairing
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adenine- thymine
cytosine - guanine |
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deoxyribose
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the 5 carbon sugar in DNA
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1 less oxygen
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the difference between deoxyribose sugar and ribose sugar
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uracil
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the RNA nitrogen base that replaces DNA's thymine
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gene
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a segment of DNA that codes for a trait
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replication
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DNA making copies of itself
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reason for replication
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so each new cell gets a complete set of DNA
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differences between DNA and RNA
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kind of sugar
DNA double stranded/RNA single thymine vs. uracil |
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protein synthesis
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making a protein
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mutation
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a change in DNA
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deletion
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a kind of mutation where DNA is lost
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frame shift mutation
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the kind of mutation that affects the entire chromosome
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insertion
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a mutation in which DNA is added to the chromosome
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nucleotide
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the building block of DNA
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make up of a nucleotide
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5 C sugar
phosphate nitrogen base |
